9 - The Introduction to Carbonyl Compounds

Question 1

What functional group do Aldehydes and Ketones contain?

Answer 1

C=O.

Question 2

What bonds do the double bonds in carbonyl compounds consist of?

Answer 2

Pi bonds and Sigma bonds.

Question 3

How are the pi bonds and sigma bonds formed?

Answer 3

A pi bond is formed by the overlap of p orbitals of carbon and oxygen atoms.

Question 4

What’s different abuot a carbonyl bond and an alkene double bond?

Answer 4

An oxygen atom is electronegative; so there’s a permanent dipole created.

Question 5

Where’s the carbonyl bond in an aldehyde?

Answer 5

The carbonyl bond is always at the end of a chain. The carbonyl carbon is always attached to a H. The carbonyl carbon is also always number 1 in an aldehyde.

Question 6

Where’s the carbonyl bond in a ketone?

Answer 6

The carbonyl bond is always joined to at least two other carbon atoms.

Question 7

What’s the suffix for Aldehydes/Ketones?

Answer 7

-al for an aldehyde, and -one for a ketone.

Question 8

What are the properties/uses of Benzaldehyde and Phenylethanoate?

Answer 8

• Benzaldehyde is a colourless liquid that smells pleasant, somewhat similar to almonds.
• Phenylethanone is used to create a fragrence resembling cherry.