9. Reform programmes of the National Assembly

Question 1

When were the feudal dues abolished?

Answer 1

They were abolished by the August Decrees

Question 2

When did the French people believe the revolution was over?

Answer 2

October 1789

Question 3

3 main areas that were reformed in 1789?

Answer 3

Local government
Taxation
Church

Question 4

Define a constitutional monarchy?

Answer 4

where the powers of the crown are limited by a constitution

Question 5

What changes occurred under the decrees of December 1789?

Answer 5

France divided into 83 departments
administrative divisions were run by elected councils
Paris was reformed into 48 sections

Question 6

What were active citizens?

Answer 6

citizens, depending on the amount of taxes they paid could vote/stand for deputies

Question 7

What were the 3 tiers of active citizens?

Answer 7

Men over 25
Electors
Able to become a deputy in National Assembly

Question 8

Who were passive citizens?

Answer 8

citizens that enjoyed civic rights by Declaration of rights but couldn’t vote

Question 9

What were the 3 main jobs of the new local councils in 1789?

Answer 9

collect direct taxes
control National guard
upkeep of churches

Question 10

When was the Gabelle abolished?

Answer 10

March 1790

Question 11

What was the National Assembly’s 3 main reasons for selling church land?

Answer 11

to provide money for the state
guarantee success for the revolution
hoped that clergy would support new regime

Question 12

Before new reforms were introduced, what taxes were abolished in 1790?

Answer 12

indirect taxes

tax farming

Question 13

Which three new taxes were introduced in Jan 1791?

Answer 13

land tax
tax on moveable goods
tax on commercial products

Question 14

In terms of interference, what did the National Assembly deputies believe in?

Answer 14

A laissez-faire approach

Question 15

Define free trade?

Answer 15

trade without the imposition of taxes and duties

Question 16

What was the Chapelier law? And what did it forbid?

Answer 16

forbade trade unions and employers organisations - collective bargaining and strikes were made illegal

Question 17

What were the 3 main changes in the legal system in 1790?

Answer 17

Judges were elected by active citizens
a criminal court was placed in each local department
Penal code was made more humane

Question 18

When was the guillotine introduced?

Answer 18

March 1792

Question 19

What was the penal code?

Answer 19

a list of laws in France and the punishments for breaking those laws

Question 20

What church did the Constituent Assembly want to create?

Answer 20

A church that was free from abuse
free from foreign control
democratic

Question 21

When did the assembly end the privileges of the church?

Answer 21

August 1789

Question 22

When was the Civil Constitution of the Clergy approved?

Answer 22

July 1790

Question 23

What were 3 main features of the Civil Constitution of the Clergy?

Answer 23

all tithles were abolished
priests were paid by state
no absenteeism

Question 24

Define National synods?

Answer 24

an assembly representing the entire church

Question 25

When did the assembly decree for the clergy to take an oath?

Answer 25

1790 April

Question 26

When did the Pope condemn the Civil constitution?

Answer 26

April 1791

Question 27

What did the Civil Constitution of the Clergy effectively destroy?

Answer 27

revolutionary consensus

Question 28

What were now the two churches in France?

Answer 28

the constitutional church accepted the revolution but rejected from Rome
Other was non-juring church full of refractory priests

Question 29

Who were refractory priests?

Answer 29

refused to take the oath

Question 30

What led to the revolt in 1793?

Answer 30

Assemblys measures such as conscription

Question 31

What was one of the main aims of the constituent assembly?

Answer 31

draw up a constitution that would replace absolute monarchy

Question 32

When did the king accept the constitution?

Answer 32

September 1791