23. The Napoleonic system in France

Question 1

When was the coup of Brumaire?

Answer 1

1799

Question 2

When was the signing of the Concordat with the pope?

Answer 2

1801

Question 3

What 2 things did the three consuls first discuss?

Answer 3

Sieyes proposed Napoleon take role of figurehead

Napoleon refused but thought he must be that role

Question 4

What was the role of the First Consul?

Answer 4

appoints and removes ministers - can declare war and make peace

Question 5

What was the role of the council of state? How many were there?

Answer 5

30-40 - chosen by 1st Consul and they nominate all central and local officials and initiate legislation

Question 6

What was the role of the Senate? How many were there?

Answer 6

60 members over age of 40 appointed by 1st consul

Question 7

What was the tribunate?

Answer 7

100 members over age of 25 to discuss legislation but cannot vote

Question 8

What was the legislature?

Answer 8

300 members aged over 30 able to vote but not able to discuss

Question 9

What was the Senate meant for and what was it actually used for?

Answer 9

Meant for break on executive

but Napoleon used for own personal power

Question 10

What was Sentus-Consultun?

Answer 10

procedure giving Senate right to preserve Constitution

Question 11

What is a plebiscite?

Answer 11

direct vote of all members of electorate on important pubic question

Question 12

What group tried to assassinate Napoleon and when?

Answer 12

former Breton Chouan - 1800

Question 13

What did the assassination attempt lead to?

Answer 13

Napoleon was given full consulship for life with right to nominate his successor

Question 14

When and what was the Legion of Honour?

Answer 14

1802 - high status organisation created by Napoleon to bind powerful men to regime through rewards

Question 15

When was Napoleon declared emperor?

Answer 15

May 1804

Question 16

To seal his emperorship - what did Napoleon do?

Answer 16

held coronation in Notre Dame in December 1804 crowing himself emperor

Question 17

When was the tribunate abolished?

Answer 17

1808

Question 18

Why did Napoleon divorce his wife?

Answer 18

he needed a son and she was too old

Question 19

When did the Church agree to divorce?

Answer 19

1810 - gave Napoleon an annulment

Question 20

Who did Napoleon marry next?

Answer 20

Marie Louise of Austria

Question 21

When was the King of Rome born?

Answer 21

1811

Question 22

What is patronage and why was it distributed?

Answer 22

distributing gifts and favours in order to build support

Question 23

Who was the minister of finance in 1799?

Answer 23

Gaudin

Question 24

What 3 reforms did Gaudin bring to France?

Answer 24

1. clear division between treasury and ministry of finance
2. reorganisation of both direct and indirect tax collection
3. establishing banking system

Question 25

How much of the governments revenue was indirect taxes in 1813?

Answer 25

25%

Question 26

When was the Bank of France created?

Answer 26

1800

Question 27

When was the Franc De Germinal introduced?

Answer 27

March 1803

Question 28

What did the introduction of the Franc De Germinal do to France?

Answer 28

made it have the soundest currency in Europe at that time

Question 29

When did Napoleon create the new imperial nobility?

Answer 29

1808

Question 30

How were judges appointed?

Answer 30

appointed by government for life and loyal

Question 31

What trial was introduced in 1810?

Answer 31

arbitrary imprisonment without trial

Question 32

Who was the Minister of Police?

Answer 32

Joseph Fouche

Question 33

What 2 things did police and prefects do?

Answer 33

acted as trained spies, maintaining law and order

Question 34

When was the new Civil code introduced?

Answer 34

1804

Question 35

What did the new civil code introduce? (3)

Answer 35

legal rights of whose who had land confiscated by Church and nobility system of inheritance slavery was introduced in French colonies

Question 36

What happened to press in 1800?

Answer 36

Reduced number of political journals from 73-9

Question 37

What was the Le Moniteur?

Answer 37

official government journal

Question 38

What did Napoleon use artists for?

Answer 38

project his self image

Question 39

What did Napoleon believe in terms of education?

Answer 39

provided state with army officers | bind nation closer together

Question 40

1802 - what replaced ineffective system of schools?

Answer 40

centrally controlled Lycees - selective schools educating sons of the privileged

Question 41

What was the main aim of France's schools?

Answer 41

train future civil servants and army officers

Question 42

When was the imperial university opened? and what was its purpose?

Answer 42

1808 - provide loyal teachers for state schools

Question 43

What did Napoleon seek with the Pope?

Answer 43

friendly relations to be restored

Question 44

What did the Concordat mean?

Answer 44

ended separation of Church and state state controlled church toleration of other religions