9 - Operant Applications Flashcards
Behavior
Utility & survival
Education: Reinforcement
attention and approval
Skinner’s Teaching Machine
progress (e.g. moving on to subsequent task) seems to be reinforcing unto itself
Time-out is a time-out from what?
Positive reinforcement
Problem
-a situation in which reinforcement is available, but behavior necessary to produce reinforcement is not
-solution is something that the organism is never done
What does it take for something to be creative?
Novelty (new)
Research on Creativity
Research shows that a promise of reward produces a decline in creative behavior
Self-Control
tendency to engage in certain behaviors in the moment that have an impact on later well-being
What are the options that self-control involve?
Immediate positive vs. Delay negative
Self-Control Strategies
-Distancing
-Distraction
-Monitoring Behavior
-Inform other of goal
Distancing
reducing physical proximity to temptation of challenging situations
Distraction
engaging in another activity in an attempt not to act on a temptation
Monitoring Behavior
tracking occurrences of a behavior to increase awareness of its frequency
T/F. The use of self-control techniques is itself a behavior that is established and maintained by its consequences
True
Delusions
-false beliefs
-often a symptom of an organic cause (e.g., schizophrenia, traumatic brain injury, etc.)
Tics
-Largely involuntary motor movements or volcalizations
-Typically a symptom of the class of Tic Disorders (Tourette Syndrome)
What is the most ethical and desirable management of manifestations of psychopathology?
reinforcement approaches
What type of reinforcement is ANXIETY?
Negative Reinforcement
Depression is learned…
Learned Helplessness
Superstition
any behavior that occurs even though it does not truly produce its intended consequences
