10 - Observational Learning Flashcards

1
Q

Carl Warden

A

One of the first people to demonstrate observational learning of animals

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2
Q

Albert Bandura created what theory?

A

Social Learning Theory

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3
Q

Observational Learning

A

a change in an organism’s behavior caused by observing the consequences that a model experiences for its own behavior

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4
Q

Types of Observational Learning

A

-Social Observational Learning
-Asocial Observational Learning

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5
Q

Asocial Observational Learning

A

learning from the observation of events and their consequences in the absence of a model

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6
Q

Ghost Condition

A

an experimental procedure in which an event normally performed by a model appears to occur without a model. the condition used in studies of asocial observational learning

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7
Q

Two Basic Procedures of “Social” Observational Learning

A

-Vicarious Reinforcement
-Vicarious Punishment

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8
Q

Vicarious Reinforcement

A

behavior increases in strength due to observation

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9
Q

Vicarious Punishment

A

behavior decreases in strength due to observation

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10
Q

Imitation

A

to behave in a way that resembles the behavior of another

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11
Q

Difference between observational learning and imitation

A

Did the observer witness the model experience consequences for engaging in the behavior?
-Yes = Observational Learning
-No = Imitation

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12
Q

Badura’s BoBo Doll Study

A

Bobo doll experiment demonstrated that children are able to learn social behavior such as aggression through the process of observation learning, through watching the behavior of another person.

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13
Q

Carl Warden

A

First to demonstrate that animals can learn to solve problems by watching others

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14
Q

Relationship between observing and learning?

A

The more observing, the more learning

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15
Q

Generalized Imitation

A

tendency to imitate modeled behaviors even though imitative behavior is not reinforced

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16
Q

T/F. Imitation can be strengthened or weakened depending on its consequences

A

True

17
Q

T/F. Consistency can affect observational learning

A

True

18
Q

T/F. Human observers seem to be more likely to purely imitate the behavior of a model than are older observers

A

True

19
Q

T/F. Younger observers seem to be more likely to purely imitate the behavior of a model than are older observers

A

True

20
Q

Observer’s Learning History

A

learning through consequences (good or bad)

21
Q

Social Cognitive Change

A

-Bandura’s theory
-Claims: observational learning is explained by 4 processes that occur during or shortly after observation of a model

22
Q

4 Cognitive Processes in Social Cognitive Change Theory

A

-Attentional
-Retentional
-Motor-reproductive
-Motivational

23
Q

Attentional

A

deals with the organism observing relevant aspects of the model’s behavior and its consequences

24
Q

Retentional

A

an observer’s action to recall model’s behavior

25
Q

Motor Reproductive

A

most have the movement capacity to be able to replicate observed behavior

26
Q

Motivational

A

observer must expect that a replicated behavior will produce reinforcement and be interested in such reward

27
Q

Limitation of Social Cognitive Change Theory

A

Unable to explain the unobservable and unmeasurable processes

28
Q

Miller-Dollard Reinforcement Theory

A

The changes in an observer’s behavior are due to the consequences of the observers, not the model

29
Q

Difference between Social Cognitive Change Theory and Miller-Dollard Reinforcement Theory

A

Bandura’s theory explains through internal/mental processes while MD theory looks at the situation and the observer’s learning history