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S4 Chemistry > 9. Fuels > Flashcards

9. Fuels Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a fuel?

A

A substance that burns to release energy

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2
Q

What is meant by a fossil fuel?

A

A fuel formed from once living organisms

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3
Q

Name the 3 main fossil fuels

A

Crude oil

Natural Gas

Coal

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4
Q

What conditions are needed for fossil fuels to form?

A

Dead organisms

High Pressure

High Temperature

Millions of years

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5
Q

What is the main substance in natural gas

A
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6
Q

What are the main substances found in coal?

A
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7
Q

What are the main substances in crude oil?

A
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8
Q

A fraction

A

A group of hydrocarbons with similar boiling points

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9
Q

What are the 2 main problems with fossil fuels?

A
  1. Pollution
  2. They are finite
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10
Q

What does “finite” mean?

A

They will eventually run out

Limited supply

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11
Q

Apparatus for testing products of combustion

A
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12
Q

What are the products of incomplete combustion of a fuel?

A

Carbon Monoxide and water

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13
Q

What are the products of complete combustion of a fuel?

A

Carbon Dioxide and water

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14
Q

What is the definition of combustion?

A

A substance reacting with oxygen to release energy

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15
Q

What is the definition of a pollutant?

A

A substance that causes harm when released into the environment.

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16
Q

What are the main gases that cause acid rain?

A

Sulphur dioxide

Nitrogen dioxide

17
Q

What are the main sources of SO2 release into the atmosphere?

A

Volcanic eruptions

Combustion of coal (S impurities)

18
Q

What is meant by acid rain?

A

Rain with a pH or less than than 5.5

19
Q

What is the main sources of Nitogen Oxides into the atmosphere?

A

Lightning

Spark plugs in car engines

20
Q

What are the negative effects of acid rain?

A

Erosion of buildings and statues

Erosion of metal structures

Lowers pH of soil and prevents plant growth

Strips bark from trees

Lowers pH of lakes an rivers and

Leeches minerals into water supplys

S4 Chemistry (26 decks)

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