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S4 Chemistry > 2. Atomic structure > Flashcards

2. Atomic structure Flashcards

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1
Q

What is meant by an element?

A

A substance with only one type of atom.

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2
Q

Approximately how many elements are there?

A

100

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3
Q

Where are all the naturally occuring elements made?

A

In the stars

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4
Q

Where are elements listed?

A

On the periodic table

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5
Q

Name 3 ways in which the periodic table can be split into categories

A
  1. Metal and non-metals
  2. Solids, liquids and gases
  3. Naturrally occurring and man-made
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6
Q

Approx how many elements are naturally occurring?

A

92

Numbers 1 to 92

Hydrogen to Uranium

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7
Q

Name the 2 liquid elements at room temperature

A

Bromine

Mercury

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8
Q

How many elemnts are gases at roomp temperature?

A

11

(Be able to name 2 of them at least)

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9
Q

What is meant by a “group” in the periodic table?

A
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10
Q

What is meant by a “period” in the periodic table?

A
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11
Q

What name is given to the group 1 metals?

A
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12
Q

What name is given to the group 7 elements?

A
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13
Q

What name is given to the group 8 elements?

A
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14
Q

What are the 3 particles in an atom?

A

Protons

Neutrons

Electrons

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15
Q

What are the charges on each particle in an atom?

A

Protons +1

Electrons -1

Neutrons 0

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16
Q

Which 2 particles have a mass of 1?

A

Protons and Neutrons

17
Q

Why are atoms neutrally charged?

A

They have equal numbers of protons and electrons

18
Q

What charge is on the nucleus of an atom?

A

Positive because it contains protons (+ve charge) and neutrons (zero charge)

19
Q

What is an “electrostatic attraction”

A

The attrraction between positive and negative particles.

20
Q

What stops the electrons in an atom from escaping as they spin around

A

The electrostatic attraction of the positively charged nucleus

21
Q

What does the period number tell you about an atoms of elements found in that period?

A

They all have the same number of shells as the period number

22
Q

Where are electron found in an atom?

A

In shells around the nucleus

23
Q

What is the maximum number of electrons possible in each shell?

A
24
Q

What does the group number tell you?

A

The number of outer electrons

25
Q

By what other name is the outer shell known?

A

The “Valence” shell

26
Q

What is Valency?

A

The number of unpaired electron in an atom’s valence shell

S4 Chemistry (26 decks)

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