9. Control Of BP Flashcards
HOW IS SHORT TERM/ACUTE REGULATION OF BLOOD PRESSURE ACHIEVED ?
VIA BARORECEPTORS SENDING SIGNALS TO MEDULLA OBLONGATA.
HOW ARE MEDIUM/LONGER CONTROL OF BP ACHEIVED?
LIST THEM..
NEUROHUMORAL RESPONSES
- RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN-ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM
- SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
- ADH
- ATRIAL NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE
Where is renin released?
Granular cells of juxtaglomerular apparatus of kidneys
What are 3 things that cause renin release?
- Decreased nacl delivery to macula densa
- Sympathetic stimulation to juxtaglomerular apparatus
- Decreased renal perfusion pressure
What does ACE do in the lungs?
Break down bradykinin
What is bradykinin ?
Vasodilator
What effect does angiotensin II have on blood vessels?
Vasoconstriction
What effect does angiotensin II have on kidney?
Increased na+ reabsorption
What effect does angiotensin II have on the sympathetic NS?
Increased release of NA
What effect does angiotensin II have on the adrenal cortex?
Increase release of aldosterone
What effect does angiotensin II have on the hypothalamus?
Increase thirst
Increase ADH release
What type of receptor is angiotensin II receptor?
GPCR
Where is aldosterone released from?
Adrenal cortex
Where does aldosterone mainly act?
What does it do?
Collecting ducts
Stimulate na+ absorption
What is the main side effect of ACE inhibitors ?
Dry cough
Name some ace inhibitors
Ramipril Captopril Lisinopril Perindopril Enalapril
What stimulates ADH release?
- severe hypovolaemia
- Increased plasma osmolarity
Where does reabsorption of na+ via ADH occur?
Ascending limb
What is another name for ADH ?
arginine vasopressin
Where are atrial natriuretic peptide stored and synthesised?
Atrial myocytes
Do Atrial natriuretic peptides reduce bp or increase bp?
Reduce bp
How does atrial natriuretic peptides effect na+ reabsorption?
Decreases na+ reabsorption
What effect do dopamine and prostaglandins have on vessels and na+ reabsorption ?
Vasodilation
Decrease sodium reabsorption
What is primary hypertension?
Hypertension with no known cause
