Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cardiovascular System > 5. Development Of The Heart & Great Vesssels > Flashcards

5. Development Of The Heart & Great Vesssels Flashcards

1
Q

What is the worldwide incidence of congenital heart defects ?

A

1% of live births

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What percentage of people with congenital heart defects survive until adulthood ?

A

90%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Are medications used to treat heart disease teratogenic?

A

Yes, highly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the most common cause of indirect maternal death ?

A

Congenital heart defect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the zones of the primitive heart tube in direction of blood flow?

A 
Sinus venosus 
Primitive atrium 
Primitive ventricle 
Bulbus cordis
Truncus arteriosius
Aortic roots
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Why is the right atrium rough ?

A

Because it is mainly derived from the primitive atrium (which is rough trabeculated tissue)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why is the left atrium smooth ?

A

Because it is mainly derived from the proximal primitive pulmonary vein (which is a vessel..so smooth!)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which embryonic tissue is the right atrium mainly derived from ?

A

Primitive atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which embryonic tissue is the left atrium mainly derived from ?

A

Proximal Primitive pulmonary vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Once developed Which atrium has a rough trabeculated wall?

A

Right atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where does gas exchange happen in a foetus ?

A

Placenta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are two differences between foetus and mature circulatory system ?

A
  • Foetus lungs do not exchange gas

- Foetus circulatory system requires shunts to move move to right place.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How many shunts are there in the foetus?

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the shunt at the right atrium called ?

A

Foramen ovale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the shunt at the lung called ?

A

Ductus venosus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the shunt at the pulmonary trunk called?

A

Ductus arteriosus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the remnant of ductus arteriosus ?

A

Ligamentum arteriosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Where does foramen ovale shunt blood from and to?

A

RA -LA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where does ductus venosus shunt blood from and to?

A

Liver - inferior vena cava

20
Q

Where does ductus arteriosus shunt blood from and to?

A

Pulmonary trunk to aorta

21
Q

What causes the foramen ovale to close?

A

Pressure increase in LA - result of first breath

22
Q

What causes the ductus venosus to close?

A

Removal of placental support

23
Q

What causes the ductus arteriosus to close?

A

Muscular contraction

24
Q

What’s does the 4th arch in the primitive aorta form ?

A

Right side - proximal R.subclavian artery

Left side - arch of aorta

25
Q

What does the 6th arch of the primitive aorta form ?

A

Right side - R pulmonary artery

Left side - L pulmonary artery + ductus ateriosus

26
Q

What is the name of the nerve that hooks itself under the ductus ateriosus ?

A

Laryngeal nerve

27
Q

If the ductus ateriosus fails to close after birth..

What is this called?

Which direction will the blood shunt ?

A

Patent ductus arteriosus

Left to right

28
Q

What are the 2 leaflets of the intra atrial septum called ?

A

Septum Primum

Septum secundum

29
Q

What are the names of the 2 holes formed in the leaflets of the atrial septum?

A

Ostium secundum

Foramen ovale

30
Q

What are the 2 septum of the atria and their corresponding holes called?

A

Septum Primum - Ostium Secundum

Septum Secundum - foramen ovale

31
Q

What is hypoplastic left heart syndrome ?

A

Congenital Underdeveloped left ventricle

32
Q

What area has the most common cardiovascular congenital defect ?

A

Ventricle septum

33
Q

What are the 2 components of the ventricular septum?

A

Muscular

Membranous

34
Q

What makes up most of the ventricular septum…membrane component or muscular component ?

A

Muscular

35
Q

Both the atrial and ventricular septum grow in relation to which structure ?

A

Endocardial cushion

36
Q

After the muscular portion of the ventricular septum is formed what is the gap left behind called?

A

Interventricular foramen.

37
Q

What closes up the interventricular foramen ?

A

Membranous portion of ventricular septum

38
Q

How is the membranous portion of the ventricular septum formed?

A

Connective tissue from endocardial cushion

39
Q

In a ventricular septum defect which part of the septum is most commonly involved ?

A

Membranous

40
Q

How is a septum formed in truncus arteriosus ?

What does this septum lead to ?

A

Endocardial cushions come together and join to form a spiral septum in the truncus arteriosus

Results in aorta and pulmonary trunk

41
Q

What is transposition of the great vessels ?

A

Congenital defect in which the aorta arises from the right ventricle & the pulmonary trunk arises from the left ventricle

42
Q

What forms the endocardial cushions ?

A

Neural crest cells

43
Q

Endocardial cushions are related to formation of what structures ?

A

Atrial septum
Ventricular septum
Trunkus arteriosus septum

44
Q

What are the 4 defects in tetralogy of fallot?

A

PULMONARY TRUNK OBSTRUCTION
OVERRIDING AORTA
SEPTAL DEFECT (VENTRICLE)
HYPERTROPHY OF RIGHT VENTRICLE

45
Q

What are neural crest cells very sensitive to ?

A

Alcohol

Cardiovascular System (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions