9/9/13 Flashcards
A muscarinic inhibitor, this drug causes cyclopegia,mydriasis, is antisecretory, antispasmodic, and has anticholinergic effects. At low dosage actually slows heart rate, but at a high doses leads to an increase in heart rate.
Atropine
List the four antimuscarinic drugs
atropine, scopolamine, Ipratropium, tropicamide
What are the two ganglionic blocking drugs
Nicotine, mecamylamine
What drug binds preferentially to the desensitized form of the nicotinic receptor, causes paralysis of all ganglia, at low doses increases GI motility/blood pressure/ heart rate (by inhibiting negative feedback of Ach), and at high doses decreases GI/Renal motility/ decreases blood pressure
Nicotine
This drug is a competitive inhibitor of the nicotinic receptors of the ganglia, can easily cross the BBB, and was once used to treat hypertension
Mecamylamine
A competitive blocker at the neuromuscular junction, this drug has adverse effects such as hypotension and bronchospasm
Tubocurarine
These types of neuromuscular blockers will not respond to AchE treatment
Depolarizing agents at Phase 1 (acetylcholine increase will actually magnify the effects)
Adverse reactions to these types of drugs include hallucinations, delrium, flushed face, increased body temp, mydriasis
Anti-muscarinic drugs
Drug used to treat motion sickness and block short term memory in anesthetic procedures
Scopolamine
Drug used to treat asthma instead of andrenergic drugs, also treats COPD through inhalation
Ipratropium
Drug used as opthalmic solutions to induce mydriasis and cycloplegia
Tropicamide
What are five general adverse effects of cholinergic antagonists
Blurry vision, confusion, mydriasis, constipation, urinary retention
These types of tissues are most sensitive to muscarinic antagonists
Glands
About what percentage of nicotinic receptors must be blocked before inhibition occurs?
75%
