9/5/13 Flashcards
In combination with local anesthetics, this drug prolongs the duration of action and decreases toxicity by reducing absorption
Epinephrine
What receptors does epinephrine act on
alpha 1 and 2, beta 1 and 2
Drug of choice during anaphylactic shock
Epinephrine (treats severe hypotension and bronchial constriction)
Epinephrine decreases insulin secretion because of this receptor
alpha 2
Drug used mainly for severe shock
Norepinephrine (no beta 2 receptors)
Which receptors does norepinephrine act on
alpha 1 and 2, beta 1
Phlebitis, tissue sloughing, arryhythmias, and increased myocardial oxygen demand are adverse reactions of this drug
Norepinephrine
Isoproterenol acts on which receptors
Beta 1 and 2
This drug is used to treat COPD/Bronchial constriction, heart block, acute heart depression, and Long Q-T syndrome
Isoproterenol
Albuterol acts on which receptors
Beta-2
Mainly used for bronchial constriction but also was once used for relaxation during premature birth
Albuterol
Dobutamine acts on which receptors
beta-1
What are the advantages of using dobutamine instead of epinephrine or norepinephrine?
Dobutamine can affect the inotropy of the heart without affecting the blood pressure that much
Major effect of this drug, which in higher doses binds to beta 1 receptors, is renal vasodilator
Dopamine
Adverse reaction to this drug includes rebond hyperemia, ischemic damage o nasal mucosae, hypertension, and urniary retention
Phenylephrine
Phenylephrine acts on which receptors
alpha 1
Clonidine acts on which receptors
alpha 2
Used to treat withdrawal symptoms and is also an antihypertensive drug
Clonidine
This sympathomimetics drug is reuptake inhibitor for serotonin, NE, and dopamine
Cocaine
This substance is found in beer and cheese, and these products cannot be ingested when MAO is inhibited
Tyramine
This type of amphetamine-like drug is used to treat ADHD
methylphenidate
How do amphetamine like drugs work?
They travel through the re-uptake transporters in the terminal and displace stored cathecolamine neurotransmitter from the vesicles
A mixed sympathomimetic drug that is a decongestant, antihypotensive, and antiashmatic
ephedrine and pseudoephedrine
Phentolamine is a competitive blocker of which receptors
alpha 1 and alpha 2
This drug is used as a short term control of hypertension due pheochromocytoma and has adverse affects of tachycardia, postural hypotension, and GI irritation
phentolamine
Phenoxybenzamine is a non-competitive, irreversible blocker of which receptors
alpha 1 and alpha 2
This drug lowers the blood pressure and enhances the sympathetic reflex activity resulting in increased heart rate and contractile force. Adverse reactions include tachycardia, postural hypotension and nasal stuffiness
Phenoxybenzamine
Prazosin (any zosin) is a competitive blocker of which receptors?
Alpha 1
This drug reduces hypertension without the side effect of tachycardia, also can help relieve obstruction of urinary tract in BPH
prazosin (if alpha 2 is blocked, NE release is not inhibited and thus can lead to overstimulation of the heart. Prazosin is a selective alpha 1 blocker)
Tamusulosin acts on this type of specific alpha receptor found in the prostate
alpha 1a
Propranolol blocks these receptors
Beta 1 and 2 (first generation beta blockers)
This drug treats arrhythmias, angina pectoris, hypertension, decreases MI mortality, migraines, and stage fright
Propranolol
The adverse side effects of this drug include cardiac depression, asthma attacks, CNS depression, delayed response to hypoglycemia, and rebound angina pectoris
Propranolol
Drug used for glaucoma that is similar to propranolol
Timolol
Metoprolol blocks this type of receptor
beta 1 (second generation blocker)
This drug is antihypertensive, antiarrhytimic, treats angina pectoris and CHF and does not precipitate asthma attacks
Metoprolol (esmolol in emergency settings)
Third generation beta blocker that block beta 1 and 2, alpha 1 used to treat hypertension and CHF
Carvedilol
This drug displaces NE from storage vesicles without releasing them into the synapse and can cause suicidal thoughts, used to treat hypertension
resperine
Drug can cause transient hypertension after displacing and releasing NE from the storage vesicles in the presynaptic terminal
Guanethidine
