9/30: Renal, Genitourinary

Question 1

is the kidney an endocrine or exocrine organ?

Answer 1

endocrine

Question 2

function of renin

Answer 2

blood pressure

Question 3

function of erythropoeitin

Answer 3

make RBCs

Question 4

functional unit of the kidney

Answer 4

nephron

Question 5

parts of the nephron

Answer 5

glomeruli
convoluted tubule
collecting ducts

Question 6

juxtaglomerular cells are found where?

Answer 6

afferent arteriole

Question 7

macula densa cells are found where?

Answer 7

distal convoluted tubule

Question 8

these are a sensor for sodium

Answer 8

macula densa

Question 9

this is elevated BUN and creatinine

Answer 9

azotemia

Question 10

what is usually related to REDUCE GFR rate?

Answer 10

azotemia

Question 11

this is the progression of azotemia

Answer 11

uremia

Question 12

this is failure of renal excretory function

Answer 12

uremia

Question 13

nephrolithiasis is

Answer 13

kidney stones

Question 14

nephrotic and nephritic syndromes are what kind of syndromes?

Answer 14

glomerular

Question 15

this syndrome causes protein to be leaked

Answer 15

nephrotic

Question 16

what are the S/S of nephrotic syndrome?

Answer 16

hyperlipidemia
proteinuria
hypoalbuminemia
lipiduria
severe edema

Question 17

this is a syndrome that leaks protein and RBS

Answer 17

nephritic syndrome

Question 18

what are the S/S of the nephritic syndrome?

Answer 18

azotemia
hypertension
hematuria

Question 19

this is an infection of the kidney of retrograde origin

Answer 19

pyelonephritis

Question 20

post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis is what kind of injury?

Answer 20

type III immune injurt

Question 21

most and least common pathway of Pyelonephritis

Answer 21

MC: ascening infection
LC: hematogenous dissemination

Question 22

kidney stones may be associated with

Answer 22

hypercalemia

Question 23

this is a thickening of the lumen of arterioles

Answer 23

atherosclerosis

Question 24

what is associated with HYALINE atherosclerosis?

Answer 24

benign hypertension
diabetes melliuts

Question 25

what is associated with HYPERPLASTIC atherosclerosis?

Answer 25

malignant hypertesion

Question 26

renal cell carcinoma arises from

Answer 26

renal tubular epithelium

Question 27

where can a renal cell carcinoma grow into?

Answer 27

renal vein

Question 28

is kidney a usual site for METASTASIS?

Answer 28

no

Question 29

this is common in children UNDER 5 with a histological presentation of glomeruli and skeletal muscle

Answer 29

Wilm’s tumor (nephroblastoma)

Question 30

urothelial carcinoma arises from

Answer 30

urinary tract lining (transitional epithelium)

Question 31

what is the MC site for urotheral carcinoma?

Answer 31

bladder

Question 32

what are the 3 disease associated with the prostate?

Answer 32

prostatitis
benign prostatic hyperplasia
adenocarcinoma of prostate

Question 33

how do you treat Bening prostate hyperplasia?

Answer 33

surgical TURP

Question 34

what percentage of men develop prostate cancer by 70-80 years?

Answer 34

70%

Question 35

what diseases are associated with the testes?

Answer 35

cryptorchidism
seminoma

Question 36

this is absence of testes or failure to descent

Answer 36

cryptorchidism

Question 37

this is the most common germ cell tumor of the testes

Answer 37

seminoma

Question 38

what diseases are associated with the penis?

Answer 38

hypospadias
peyronies
Phimosis
Priapism

Question 39

this is an abnormally placed urethral meatus

Answer 39

hypospadias

Question 40

this is when the foreskin cannot retract

Answer 40

phimosis

Question 41

this is erect penis emergency

Answer 41

priapism