8.Evaluation of thrombosis Flashcards

1
Q

Homan’s sign

A

calf discomfort on foot dorsiflexion (DVT)

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2
Q

what is considered chronic thromboembolic disease?

A

recurrent PE events presenting with signs of pulmonary hypertension and right-sided HF

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3
Q

How is Wells criteria for DVT scored?

A

score ≤ 0 –> low probability
score 1-2 –> moderate probability
score ≥3 –> high probability

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4
Q

How is Wells criteria for PE scored?

A

score ≤ 2 –> low probability
score 2.5-6 –> moderate
score ≥ 6 –> high

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5
Q

High negative predictive value for low-risk DVT

A

D-dimer

cut off value 500 ng/mL
high sensitivity, poor specificity

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6
Q

why is a Chest X-ray used in PE?

A

For DD of acute chest pain

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7
Q

PE pattern seen on V/Q scan

A

multiple areas of perfusion defects, not matched with defects in ventilation (ventilated but not perfused)

*used when CT is not available or CI

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8
Q

Most widely used imaging modality for the diagnosis of PE

A

CT angiography
>90% sensitivity
>95% specificity

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8
Q

Most widely used imaging modality for the diagnosis of PE

A

CT angiography
>90% sensitivity
>95% specificity

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9
Q

12% of patients with idiopathic DVT/PE will have?

A

malignancy

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9
Q

12% of patients with idiopathic DVT/PE will have?

A

malignancy

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10
Q

treatment for superficial venous thrombosis

A

anticoagulant for 4 weeks (high risk for DVT)

-elevate extremity—> warm compresses, NSAID’s

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11
Q

treatment for lower extremity DVT

A

proximal–> anticoagulante
distal–> anticoagulant if severe symptoms

*upper extremity and PE (anticoagulant)

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12
Q

complications of PE

A
  1. Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH)
  2. Right-sided HF (secondary to pulmonary HTN)
  3. persistant Pleural effusion
  4. post-thrombotic syndrome - chronic venous insufficiency
  5. Recurrent DVT
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