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Year 8 Science > 8D - Unicellular Organisms > Flashcards

8D - Unicellular Organisms Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is an organism?

A

A living thing.

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2
Q

What are the seven life processes?

A

Movement
Respiration
Sensitivity

Growth
Reproduction
Excretion
Nutrition

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3
Q

What are organisms based on?

A

Cells.

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4
Q

What does it mean to be mutlicellular?

A

To be made up of many cells.

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5
Q

How many cells are there in an adult human?

A

There are around 37 million cells.

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6
Q

What are a group of cells of the same type?

A

A tissue.

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7
Q

What is a group of different tissues grouped together?

A

An organ.

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8
Q

What is a group of organs?

A

An organ system.

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9
Q

What is a unicellular organism?

A

They are one cell that perfors all seven of the life processes.

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10
Q

What is a microorganism?

A

A unicellular organims.

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11
Q

What is diffusion?

A

The net spreading out of partials from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Down their concentration gradient.

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12
Q

How do multicellular organisms not use diffusion?

A

Multicellular organisms are large and therefore diffusion cannot be relied on as an effective and efficient mode of delivery of materials. As a result in these organisms materials are delivered directly to the tissues.

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13
Q

What is budding?

A

A type of asexual reproduction. This is when a daughter cell grows out of a parent cell.

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14
Q

What is Anaerobic respiration?

A

It is respiration without oxygen.
Anaerobic respiration of microorganisms is fermentation.

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15
Q

What is the formula for Anaerobic respiration?

A

Glucose (A Sugar) —–> Carbon Dioxide + Ethanol

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16
Q

What is Aerobic respiration?

A

It is respiration with oxygen.
It releases more energy than anaerobic respiration. It produces more carbon dioxide than anaerobic respiration.

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17
Q

What is the formula for Aerobic respiration?

A

Glucose (A Sugar) + Oxygen —–> Carbon Dioxide + Water

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18
Q

What is a Growth Curve?

A

A graphical representation that shows the course of a phenomenon over time.

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19
Q

What do yeast cells need to reproduce?

A

Moisture
Sugar
Warmth

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20
Q

What is a limiting factor

A

Something that stops or slow down a process.

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21
Q

What ae the five kingdoms of microorganisms?

A

Prokaryotes
Protoctists
Fungi
Plants
Animals

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22
Q

What are the part of a Prokaryotes?

A

Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Cell Wall

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23
Q

What are the parts of a Protoctist?

A

Cytoplasm
Cell Membrane
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Cell Wall (some times)
Chloroplasts (some times)

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24
Q

What are the parts of a Fungi cell?

A

Cytoplasm
Cell Membrane
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Cell Wall

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25
Q

What are the part of a Plant cell?

A

Cytoplasm
Cell Membrane
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Cell Wall
Chloroplasts

26
Q

What are the parts of an Animal cell?

A

Cytoplasm
Cell Membrane
Nucleus
Mitochondria

27
Q

Prokaryote are thing like…

A

…bacteria.

28
Q

What are viruses?

A

They are not living creatures. They cannot live with out being inside a living creature. They do not carry out the life processes.

29
Q

What is binary fussion?

A

It is a type of asexual reproduction. It is where one cell grows out o fa cell then splits into two identical parts.

30
Q

What does lactic acid and milk turn into?

A

Yoghurt

31
Q

What does lactic acid do?

A

It turns milk sour and thicker.

32
Q

What animal kingdom do bacteria belong to?

A

Prokaryotes

33
Q

What controls bacteria cells?

A

The chromosomes. As they do not have a nucleus.

34
Q

What are the parts of a bacteria cell?

A

Circular Chromosome
Flagellum
Cell Wall
Cell Surface Membrane
Slimy Layer
Cytoplasm

35
Q

What do bacteria use flagella for?

A

To swim.

36
Q

How do Flagella help the cell move forward?

A

They spin.

37
Q

What are protoctists?

A

Unicellular

38
Q

What are Algea?

A

They use photosynthesis to produce organic molecules.

39
Q

What do all protoctists do?

A

They all respond to changes in their environment

40
Q

What do most life on Earth do?

A

Depend on producers.

41
Q

What is a chloroplast

A

It is where photosynthesis takes place. Contains Chlorophil.

42
Q

What does Chlorophyll do?

A

It traps energy from the Sun.

43
Q

What is glucose made of?

A

Energy from the Sun combined with carbon dioxide and water.

44
Q

What do sea photosynthetic protoctists produce?

A

Poisons

45
Q

What does the poison in sea photosynthetic protoctists?

A

The poison becomes concentrated in the bodies of a few large fish. Eating then causes a very large serious illness.

46
Q

What is Ciguatera?

A

It is a serious illness caused by eating large fish poisoned by sea photosynthetic protoctists.

47
Q

What is a decomposer also known as?

A

A Microorganism.

48
Q

What does a decomposer do?

A

It breaks down dead organism and animal waste in the process of decay.

49
Q

What are the different types of decomposers?

A

Fungi
Bacteria
Protoctists

50
Q

What do microorganisms use some digestive molecules for?

A

Respiration and Growth.

51
Q

Where are kitchen and garden waste often put?

A

Compost heaps.

52
Q

What do compost bins aim to do?

A

They decay this materials to form compost which contains nutrient.

53
Q

What do some Protoctists have?

A

Chloroplasts - plants
Cell wall - Plants

54
Q

What is needed in Aerobic respiration?

A

Provides energy
Mitochondria
Needs Oxygen
Needs Glucose
Releases Carbon Dioxide

55
Q

In an aerobic respiration Glucose + Oxygen ——->

A

——-> Carbon Dioxide + Water

56
Q

What is an example of anaerobic respiration?

A

Fermentation

57
Q

In an anaerobic respiration Glucose ——->

A

Carbon Dioxide + Ethanol

58
Q

What is the Equation for Photosynthesis?

A

Carbon Dioxide + Water ——Sunlight——–>Glucose + Oxygen

59
Q

What is a Flagella?

A

Helps to move

60
Q

What is a Pseudopod?

A

A fake leg that helps move.

61
Q

What is a eye spot for?

A

Helps get light

62
Q

What is a producer?

A

They are the organism on the food chain.

Year 8 Science (7 decks)

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