8a.3C

Question 1

What were UN MDG’s

Answer 1

ran from 2000 to 2015, and aimed to improve the lives of people living in developing countries (especially South Asia and Africa) through global response. They consisted of 8 goals and subsidiary targets.

Question 2

Examples of UN MDG’s

Answer 2

• To halve the proportion of people living on less than $1.25 a day
• To halve the proportion of people who suffer from hunger
• By 2015, all children can complete a full course of primary schooling, girls and boys
• Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education, preferably by 2005 and at all levels by 2015
• Reduce by two-thirds the under-five mortality rate
• Reduce by three-quarters the maternal mortality ratio

Question 3

success of the health MDG?

Answer 3

• the health target prevented 20 million deaths between 2000 and 2015
• 6.2 million deaths from malaria prevented, 37 million deaths from TB prevented

Question 4

examples of other success of MDGs

Answer 4

• primary school enrolment increased from 83% to 9!%
• maternal mortality fell from 330 to 210 deaths per 100,000 live births
• parliamentary representation of women increased in nearly 90% of countries
• improved access to sanitation for 2.1 billion

Question 5

What are SDGs

Answer 5

• replaced the MDGs for the period 2015-2030.
• 17 global goals that apply to all countries, not just developing countries (as with the MDGs).
• targets for basic needs, but in addition have to focus on sustainable development

Question 6

Examples of SDG’s

Answer 6

• clean energy -> renewable, low carbon
• decent work -> for a decent wage, avoiding exploitation
• sustainable cities -> for more than 50% of the world’s population living in urban areas
• protecting oceans and ecosystems

Question 7

reasons for lack of MDG progress

Answer 7

• Limited overall economic development – so poverty remained persistent
• Unable to participate in globalization, i.e. trade
• War, conflict, drought, desertification, population growth – with match problems in medical infrastructure / personnel
• War can reverse progress
• Lack of industrial development
• Lack of political will to get change, e.g. tribal politics, lack of political consensus, lack of trust

Question 8

criticisms of SDG’s

Answer 8

• Some SDG progress linked to growing CHINESE AFFLUENCE
• Too must SELF INTEREST by different IGOs (whose success are they measuring?!)
• COSTLY – requiring 4% of world GDP (currently 1.3 of 0.7% promised funding is given) to be fully successful…
  …therefore an implied willingness to accept not everything will be done…
• And anyway… local development is always VARIED