8a.1B : 1.2 South Sudan Flashcards
what does the spec say about goals for development
improvements in enviro quality, health and life expectancy and human rights are seen by some (risking) as more significant goals for development
- economic growth is often the best means of delivering them
what is the link between GDP and corruption
- countries with lower GDP have higher levels of corruption
- corruption isn’t just about governance it links to ideology
what is economic liberalism
political and economic ideology based on strong support for a market economy based on individual lines and private property in the means of production
what is neoliberalism
modified from of liberalism tending to favour free market capitalism
characteristics of neoliberalism
- removal of price controls
- privatisation of industry
- lowering/removal of trade barriers
- reducing state influence in economy
(features thatcherism and reaganism)
describe civil war in south sudan
- 2013
- between dinka (gov) and nuer (rebel) tribes
- widespread fear experienced by non dinkas
- 2 min internally displaced, 2nd refugees
- famine, oil price collapse and inflation
Alternative goals for development regarding wellbeing
Fresh clean water
Food and energy security
Environmental quality
Health-care provision
Life expectancy
Human Rights – together with measure of freedom index
UN SDGs can be used as alternative goals for development
- Environmental quality – particular pollution and degradation, and the overuse of resources
- The impact of malnutrition, when not enough food it eaten to meet daily needs – and famine (lack of sufficient food)
- Mortality, disease, natural hazards, food scarcity, number of doctors per 1,000, access to drugs
Why is Life expectancy a suitable alternative goal for development
- How long a newborn baby will live, assuming no other conditions change
- Reflects health, living conditions, and broadly speaking economic development
- NB – there are still gender divides (e.g. death during childbirth / HIV-Aids)
Evaluate the suitability of these alternative goals
- Some of these changes can be clearly linked to economic growth, e.g. life expectancy
- Others can’t reliably be linked – e.g. Human Rights can deteriorate very quickly, particularly impacting on health and education of minority groups – e.g. TNCs can have major environmental impacts from resource extraction etc.
What is typically the main goal for development
- Encouraging increased FDI / TNC investment / growth of income, tax revenue
- This requires central government expenditure on infrastructure / SEZ, but yields revenue from exports
- Overall, it likely increases individual spending power and potential consumerism, but also inequality?
goal here is economic growth
Argue for economic growth being a key development goal
Economic growth is needed to built infrastructure, raise incomes to pay for medicine and education and develop journalism for human development to increase.
Give an example of counterargument to economic growth being a key DG
- radical tax redistribution of Evo Morales are seen by some as discouraging economic growth.
- very high taxes discourage investment by TNCs. -> there is a general consensus that economic growth is important if human development is to increase in the long term.
What did hans rosling believe
- future goals should be to improve environmental quality, health and life expectancy of the poorest and human rights -> economic growth main way of achieving this.
- BUT crucial role health plays in human development, arguing that improving health. life expectancy and environmental quality often unlocks people’s economic potential.
- crucial role health plays in human development, arguing that improving health. life expectancy and environmental quality often unlocks people’s economic potential.
