8A) Cell Transport Flashcards
What is the cell membrane made up of?
Phospholipids
What are the two mechanisms of particle movement and how do they differ?
Passive Processes and Active Processes. Passive requires no cellular energy, while active needs ATP.
Describe the mechanism of diffusion.
Movement of a solute from high concentration to area of lower concentration.
How would you increase diffusion?
Smaller particles, warmer temperatures, higher concentration gradients.
Describe the mechanism of osmosis.
The movement of water from an area with a high concentration of water to a lower concentration of water. until equilibrium is reached.
What does it mean if a cell is in a hypertonic environment?
The level of solutes is greater outside the cell, so water will exit the cell and it will shrink.
What does it mean if a cell is in a hypotonic environment?
The level of solutes is less than outside the cell, so water will enter the cell and it will expand.
Facilitated diffusion assists what type of particles?
Those that are too large to enter through the membrane.
Facilitated diffusion requires a _____ (2 words)
Protein Transporter
What is Filtration?
Movement of particles and fluid through a membrane due to a difference in pressure.
What is Dialysis?
A form of filtration where smaller particles and large particles are separated by their ability or inability to pass through a membrane.
Active transport uses _____ and _____ (2 words).
ATP, protein pumps
Why does active transport require more energy than passive transport?
Active transport requires moving substances against a gradient, not with it.
What are the two types of endocytosis, and what is endocytosis?
Endocytosis is the intake of solids or liquids in bulk. There is phagocytosis, or cell eating, and pinocytosis, cell drinking.
Exocytosis is the cell _____ material in bulk.
removing
