1B & 2B) Cell Structure & Functions, Tissues Flashcards
What purpose does the cell membrane have?
Gives cells shape and protection, controls what enters and exits the cell, and responds and communicates to the environment.
What is the part of the cell that contains the organelles?
Cytoplasm
The holes on the Nuclear Membrane are called _____.
Pores
What is the term for the relaxed mass of chromosomes?
Chromatin
Free Ribosomes are in the _____, and produce protein for _____ use.
Cytoplasm, Intracellular
Attached Ribosomes are attached to the _____, and produce proteins for _____.
Endoplasmic Reticulum, Extracellular
What differentiates the SER from the RER?
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum lacks Ribosomes on the Membrane.
Give an example of a cell with large amounts of Endoplasmic Reticulum.
Cells that produce a large amount of protein, like Pancreatic cells, or cells that secretes lipids, like those found in sexual organs.
What organelle removes unwanted cellular material?
Lysosomes
What is the chemical energy that powers a cell’s metabolic activities?
Adenosine Triphosphate, or ATP.
Microvilli are fingerlike projections of the _____ that increase the rate of ____ and _____.
Cell Membrane, Secretion and Absorption
Name the four main types of tissues.
Epithelial, Connective, Muscular, Nervous
True or False: Simple Squamous Epithelium Tissues is multilayered.
False, it is a single, flat layer.
True or False: Stratified Squamous Epithelium is either Keratinized or Unkeratinized.
True
What is special about Transitional Epithelium cells?
They can change shape from flat to cuboidal, allowing them to stretch and collapse.
What is the most abundant tissue in the body?
Connective Tissue
True or False: Blood, Adipose and Cartilage are types of Muscular Tissues.
False, they are types of Connective Tissues.
Connective Tissues have a _____ that consists of _____ and _____.
Matrix, Protein Fibers and Ground Substance.
True or False: All Connective Tissues are Avascular.
False, only Cartilage and Tendons are Avascular. Other connective tissues have good blood supply.
True or False: Muscle Tissue contains many Mitochondria.
True
The Contractile Proteins in muscle cells are _____ and _____.
Actin and Myosin
True or False: Smooth Muscle tissue is striated.
False
What are the three types of Neurons?
Sensory, Interneurons, Motor
The insulating cover around many neurons that increases nerve impulse speed is called _____.
Myelin
The long tail of a neuron is called its _____.
Axon
