8.4 quiz Flashcards
Enzyme
A macro molecule that acts as a catalysis
Catalysis
a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed by the reaction
How to change one molecule into another
involves contorting the starting molecule into a highly unstable state. This is reached by absorbing energy from their surroundings
When new bonds form, energy is released as heat and everything returns to normal
REMEMBER THE RING!
Activation Energy/Free energy of activation
The starting energy required to control the reactant molecule so bonds can break
This energy is often supplied by THERMAL ENERGY (HEAT)
Transition State
THe state where the molecules have absorbed enough bonds to break. reactants r in unstable condition
How does enzymes affect Ea
Enzymes affect Ea by lowering the Ea point, thus allowing molecules to absorb energy to reach the transition state. Enzymes cannot make exogenic to endogenic
Substrate
The reactant an enzyme acts on
Enzyme Substrate Complex
A temporary form where a enzyme is bonded to its substrate
Enzyme Product
The form after the enzyme finishes catalyzing the substrate and turning it into a product
Why are enzymes specific
because it is a protein and it has different shapes, consequence of its amino acid sequence
Active Site
The side or region that binds to a substrate
Induced Fit
The tightening of the binding after inital contact
CLASPING HANDSHAKE
Brings chemical groups of the active site into position to enhance their ability to catalyize the chemical reaction
what holds the substrate and enzymes
Hydrogen bonds and ionic bonds
Enzymes to temp and Ph level rates
Enzymatic reaction INC when the temp inc up to a point bc substrates collide with active sites more when the molecules move rapidly. Past that point, the rates drop as the enzymes began to denature. HIGH TEMPS CAUSE WEAK HYDROGEN BONDS that maintain its 3d shape
MOST ENZYMES HAVE A RANGE OF 6-8 PH
cofactors
non protein materials that assist enzymes in their catalytic activities
(inorganic)
