8.4 #2 Flashcards
1
Q
Mobilization of Peoples in Britain
A
- a lot of people (55%) were in the armed forces or civilian war work
- WOMEN also did war work. for example civil service positions and “land girls”
- the government also encouraged “DIG FOR VICTORY” which was to increase food production. however they still had a shortage of food
- the government started to have a PLANNED ECONOMY where ministries were created to manage/oversee production
2
Q
“land Girls”
A
-women in GREAT BRITAIN who performed agricultural labor usually undertaken by men
3
Q
Dig for Victory
A
- held in GREAT BRITAIN
- it was to increase food production
- people would grow their own food
4
Q
Mobilization in the Soviet Union
A
- when the war began, the government was centralization to Stalin AND the communist party AND the soviet police directing military and political affairs
- there was a MILITARY , INDUSTRIAL, AND ECONOMIC MOBILIZATION, which caused an INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION. it was basically a race to produce a lot of military goods (tanks etc..)
- sine there was an emphasis on military goods, there were SHORTAGES OF FOOD AND HOUSING
- WOMEN worked within the CITY (factories, mines) and THE ARMY (dig ditches, combatants)
- PEASANTS were expected to house soldiers and feed them
- many of the farms were destroyed by germans and couldn’t be expanded quickly because of lack of labor
- mobilization was SUCCESSFUL because the communist party realized that people wanted to preserve “mother russia” not the communist ideology. so they used propaganda to their advantage
5
Q
Night Witches
A
-women in the soviet union who helped defeat the germans at stalingrad
6
Q
Mobilization in the US
A
- there was an dramatic EXPANSION of the economy because new factories were produced by the government
- american industries supplied US forces AND other Allies
- there was a increased GOVERNMENT role in economy (war production board)
- social problems caused by mobilization of american economy
- dramatic growth of small towns into large cities brought breakdown in traditional social mores
- people moved to find jobs which created social tensions
- african americans (moved to find jobs) and japanese americans were treated badly
7
Q
War Production Board
A
- it set aside resources and managed production
- USA
8
Q
mobilization in Germany
A
- in the beginning of the war, hitler refused to convert production from consumer goods to armaments. he thought blitzkrieg would do everything for him
- however! with soviet union wining and american entry into the war, everything changed
- he ordered a massive increase in armaments productions and size of army
- speer wanted an total mobilization, but hitler ignored it
- finally hitler put in an total mobilization
- WOMEN were NOT resisted into female employment, but female employment didn’t increase that much
9
Q
Albert Speer
A
- minister for armaments and munitions in GERMANY
- he wanted an total mobilization because they needed armaments, but hitler refused
- then hitler said yes
10
Q
Mobilization in Japan
A
- the government controlled all parts of the national resources
- TRADITIONAL habits of obedience and hierarchy were emphasized to encourage citizens to sacrifice their resources and lives
- WOMEN were fulfill their patriotic duty by bearing children, however people were reluctant to mobilize women
11
Q
Kamikaze
A
- pilots in JAPAN who go on suicide missions
- passed on TRADITIONAL habits of obedience and hierarchy
12
Q
Bombing
A
- it was used to generate public outcry which would be an effective way to compel governments into making peace
- however the first use of civilian bombing didn’t use this theory (luftwaffe attacks)
- luftwaffe attacks
- bombing of germany
- bombing of japan
13
Q
Luftwaffe attacks
A
- germany bombed london and other british cities and towns
- blitz
- it was supposed to generate public outcry which would be an effective way to compel governments into making peace, BUT DIDN’T
14
Q
blitz
A
-german air raids in britain
15
Q
Bombing of Germany
A
- britain began bombing german cities thinking that it will break civilian morale and bring victory
- after america came in, they decided to have american planes fly during the DAY to destroy transportation and industries. then britain would bomb cities at NIGHT
- bombing made people scared of firestorms that could be created (dresden)
- although it killed and destroyed cities, it did not weaken the morale of german people
- it did not destroy the industrial capacity, but became transportation was destroyed, people couldn’t get the material
- the allies also lost many men and planes
- the bombing made sure that the germans would backstab the allies (like in WWI) because the civilians knew that they fought on their turf and the soldiers did too
