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APE Unit 8 > 8.4 #1 > Flashcards

8.4 #1 Flashcards

1
Q

Germany and Soviet Union attacking Poland

A
  • germany used BLITZKRIEG to attack poland
  • they used their army to break through Polish lines and surround them
  • SOVIET UNION also attacked
  • within four weeks, poland surrendered
  • germany and poland then divided poland between themselves
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2
Q

France and Britain preparing for WWII

A
  • they knew that the war would cause them to lose a lot of men and economic blockade
  • so they decided to go on DEFENSE
  • they prepared by building defensive walls along its border with germany
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3
Q

Timeline for Hitler’s attack in the WEST

A
  • phony war
  • hitler attack NORWAY and DENMARK using BLITZKRIEG (win for germany)
  • hitler attacked netherlands, belgium, and NORTHERN france
  • the miracle of dunkirk happened during this time
  • germany attacked SOUTHERN france
  • overall: germany had control of western and central europe (not britain though)
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4
Q

phony war

A

-period of time during the WINTER where there was no fighting but WAITING

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5
Q

Hitler’s attack on netherlands, belgium, and NORTHERN france

A
  • germany moved into BELGIUM, making it seem like they were going to france like in WWI
  • germany moved into luxembourg and ardennes
  • they destroyed the french armies, went through NORTHERN france there are reached the ENGLISH CHANNEL
  • by this time belgium surrendered and british and french forces were trapped in DUNKIRK
  • germany ordered the air force to drop bombs
  • this was ineffective and the allies were able to exacuate
  • this was all called the “miracle of dunkirk”
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6
Q

miracle of dunkirk

A
  • happened when germany attacked netherlands, belgium, and france
  • by this time belgium surrendered and british and french forces were trapped in DUNKIRK
  • germany ordered the air force to drop bombs
  • this was ineffective and the allies were able to exacuate
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7
Q

Hitler’s attack on SOUTHERN france

A
  • germany attacked southern france
  • ITALY declared war on france
  • france surrendered
  • germany occupied france (3/5s)
  • marshal petain established the VICHY FRANCE
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8
Q

Vichy france

A
  • authoritarian regime
  • established by marshal petain
  • created after germany occupied southern france
  • it was seen as an nazi puppet state
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9
Q

Marshal Petain

A

-created vichy france

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10
Q

Change from Neville CHamberlain to Winston Churchill

A
  • neville was “peace peace peace!”
  • churchill was hard line policy and “no compromise!”
  • churchill was made prime minister
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11
Q

Britain and Germany overall

A
  • hitler needed british to make peace so he could fulfill lebensraum
  • but with churchill as prime minister, britain refused
  • hitler now had to invade britain
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12
Q

Britain and Germany (air control)

A
  • hitler realized he needed to gain control of the air
  • so he sent his air force (luftwaffe) to bomb britain
  • britain had used TECHNOLOGY (radar system) to predict/ warn about german attacks
  • however, british suffered loses
  • they were saved because hitler changed their plan into massively bomb britain
  • britain rebuilt their air strength and inflicted losses on luftwaffe
  • this caused germany to postpone their invasion of britain
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13
Q

Germany and Mediterranean

A
  • germany wanted to capture egypt and suez canal in order to shut off british ships from going there (oil)
  • he sent italians to north africa, but the british defeated them
  • this whole plan didn’t really work because hitler was more focused on attacking russia
  • hitler did send troops to north africa though
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14
Q

Hitler’s plan for Russia

A
  • hitler didn’t want an two front war
  • but he through that britain only fought because they expected russian support
  • if the soviet union could be crushed, britain’s last hope would be smashed
  • hitler knew that he could defeat russia quickly
  • but trouble in the balkans delayed the invasion of russia
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15
Q

Hitler and the Balkans

A
  • the balkans were upset with germany’s gains in the southeast
  • so italy (balkans were in italian sphere of influence) attacked greece
  • they were defeated
  • this caused the southern flank to be exposed to britain air bases
  • hitler then attacked yugoslavia and greece (germany won)
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16
Q

Hitler in Russia

A
  • hitler had UNDERESTIMATED the russian army
  • they advanced rapidly
  • but they couldn’t eliminated the soviet army nor did the soviet state collapse (this was their main goal)
  • the winter and unexpected soviet resistance brought the german advance to an halt
  • many wanted to retreat and regroup for the spring, but hitler refused
  • the soviet then counterattacked and this ended it
17
Q

The War in Asia

A
  • japan bombed pearl harbour and attacked philippines and malaya
  • USA declared war on japan
  • hitler then declared war on USA
  • japan attacked dutch east indies and islands in the pacific ocean
  • almost all of southeast asia and western pacific was controlled by japan
  • japan created the great east asia co-prosperity sphere
  • japan needed resources so they put them under wartime basis
18
Q

great east asia co-prosperity sphere

A
  • it put entire region under japanese guardship

- announced intention to liberate colonial areas of southeast asia from western control

19
Q

Japan and USA

A
  • japan thought USA would accept japanese domination of pacific after bombing them
  • however! in the USA, people agreed to roosevelt’s wartime policy , coming out of ISOLATION
  • USA joined with european nations and china to defeat japan
20
Q

The Grand Alliance

A
  • britain, USA, soviet union
  • they had to do 2 things in order to become an effective alliance
    1. with germany declaring war on US, the allies now! know that the first priority was to defeat germany
    1. the military wanted to stress the military operations INSTEAD of postwar settlement
  • they agreed to fight until the axis surrendered UNCONDITIONALLY
  • the effect is had was uniting the Grand Alliance, not allowing hitler to “divide his foes”
21
Q

Timeline: 1942-1943 (north africa)

A
  • italians were defeated by british in north africa
  • hitler sent GENERAL ERWIN ROMMEL to libya
  • he reached the EGYPTIAN frontier and broke through the british defense
  • started heading towards Alexandria
  • german troops also captured CRIMEA
  • however! british troops stopped rommel at EL ALAMEIN
  • then allied forces invaded north africa and forced germans and italians to surrender
  • during this whole time the BATTLE OF NORTH ATLANTIC was happening
  • the battle of north atlantic ended when new devices allowed allies to destroy german submarines
  • BATTLE OF STALINGRAD
  • BATTLE OF MIDWAY
22
Q

General Erwin Rommel

A
  • timeline:
  • italians were defeated by british in north africa
  • hitler sent GENERAL ERWIN ROMMEL to libya
  • he reached the EGYPTIAN frontier and broke through the british defense
  • started heading towards Alexandria
  • german troops also captured CRIMEA
  • however! british troops stopped rommel at EL ALAMEIN
  • then allied forces invaded north africa and forced germans and italians to surrender
23
Q

El Alamein

A
  • -italians were defeated by british in north africa
  • hitler sent GENERAL ERWIN ROMMEL to libya
  • he reached the EGYPTIAN frontier and broke through the british defense
  • started heading towards Alexandria
  • german troops also captured CRIMEA
  • however! british troops stopped rommel at EL ALAMEIN
24
Q

Battle of North Atlantic

A
  • german submarines attacked allied ships carrying supplies to great britain
  • the battle of north atlantic ended when new devices allowed allies to destroy german submarines
25
Q

Battle of Stalingrad

A
  • hitler captured crimea
  • he then wanted to captured Stalingrad
  • soviet army had surrounded the german forces
  • hitler didn’t allow the german forces to break out
  • finally because of the winter and soviet attacks, the germans surrendered
26
Q

Battle of MIdway

A
  • americans stopped japanese from advancing and relieved austria from invasion
  • battle of midway: americans destroyed japanese aircrafts and established american naval superiority in pacific
  • allied forces were GATHERING for offensives
27
Q

Last years of the War in Italy

A
  • axis surrendered in tunisia
  • they crossed the mediterranean and went to italy
  • they took sicily and went to the mainland
  • during this time, mussolini was arrested, but the germans liberated him
  • he was made the head of an puppet german state in northern italy
  • germans occupied the rest of italy
  • it was hard for the allies to go up the italian peninsula
28
Q

Last years of the war (allies advances west)

A
  • allies landed in normandy
  • they pushed inland and broke through german defensive lines
  • they moved south and east
  • liberated paris
  • battle of bulge
  • crossed the rhine river
  • met with soviets in northern germany
29
Q

Normandy invasion

A
  • led by dwight d. eisenhower

- they tricked the germans

30
Q

Eisenhower

A

-led the normandy invasion

31
Q

Battle of Bulge

A
  • allies landed in normandy
  • they pushed inland and broke through german defensive lines
  • they moved south and east
  • liberated paris
  • battle of bulge
  • crossed the rhine river
  • met with soviets in northern germany
  • they had SUPPLY PROBLEMS which caused them to slow down, but they still crossed the rhine river
32
Q

Last Years of the War in Soviet Union

A
  • battle of stalingrad
  • hitler took an change in being the OFFENSE while using TANKS
  • battle of KURSK (germany lost)
  • soviets moved westward
  • one front was moving south (moving towards baltic states)
  • one front was moving north (warsaw and berlin)
33
Q

Battle of Kursk

A
  • battle of stalingrad
  • hitler took an change in being the OFFENSE while using TANKS
  • battle of KURSK
  • germany lost greatly
34
Q

Last Years of the War in Japan

A
  • american was on OFFENSE
  • they advanced slowly across the pacific
  • they took a toll of enemy resources
  • Truman thought invading the japanese homeland would cause heavy casualties
  • so they bombed Hiroshima and Nagasaki
35
Q

WWII time line: 1939-1941

A
  • germany AND soviet union attacked poland
  • poland surrenders and is divided up
  • attack in the west
  • churchill is prime minister
  • britain and germany fighting (battle of britain)
  • germany and mediterranean
  • germany and the balkans
  • germany and russia
  • pearl harbor
  • USA enters the war
  • the war in asia
36
Q

WWII time line: 1942-1943 (TURNING POINT!)

A
  • axis invade north africa (rommel)
  • germany captures crimea
  • battle of north atlantic
  • battle of midway (turning point!)
  • allied forces invade north africa (turning point!)
  • battle of stalingrad (turning point!)
37
Q

Last Years of the War

A
  • allies advances in the west (normandy)
  • battle of the bulge
  • soviet union in the east
  • battle of kursk
  • italy
  • hitler commits suicide
  • germany surrenders
  • atomic bomb on hiroshima and nagasaki
  • japan surrenders
38
Q

Turning point of WWII

A
  • 1942-1943
  • battles were:
  • battle of midway
  • allied forces invade north africa
  • battle of stalingrad
  • it happened after the fall of 1942

APE Unit 8 (6 decks)

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