8.2 Vocab

Question 1

Cytoplasm

Answer 1

Fluid portion of the cell outside the nucleus

Question 2

Organelle

Answer 2

Specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell

Question 3

Ribosome

Answer 3

Cell organelle consisting of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm in a cell; the site of protein synthesis

Question 4

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 4

Internal membrane system found in eukaryotic cells; place where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled

Question 5

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 5

Organelle in cells that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from the endoplasmic reticulum for storage in the cell or release outside the cell

Question 6

Vacuole

Answer 6

Cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates

Question 7

Lysosome

Answer 7

Cell organelle that breaks down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins into small molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell

Question 8

Cytoskeleton

Answer 8

Network of protein filaments in a eukaryotic cell that gives the cell its shape and internal organization and is involved in movement

Question 9

Chloroplast

Answer 9

Organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy

Question 10

Mitochondrion

Answer 10

Cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use

Question 11

Cell Wall

Answer 11

Strong, supporting layer around the cell membrane in some cells

Question 12

Lipid Bilayer

Answer 12

Flexible double-layered sheet that makes up the cell membrane and forms a barrier between the cell and its surroundings

Question 13

Selectively Permeable

Answer 13

Property of biological membranes that allows some substances to pass across it while others cannot; also called semipermeable membrane