8.2 DNA and chromosomes Flashcards
Draw a chromosome and label its parts
Check page 205 on Y1 book
What is a chromosome
A thread like structure made of protein and DNA by which hereditary information is physically passed from one generation to the next
What is a chromatid
One of the two strands of a chromosome that are joined together by a single centromere prior to cell division
What is a histone
DNA - binding proteins
What is a diploid
A term applied to cells in which the nucleus contains two sets of chromosomes
What is a haploid
Term referring to cells that contain only a single copy of each chromosome e.g sex cells
What is a gene
A section of DNA on a chromosome coding for one or more polypeptides
What is an allele
One of a number of alternative forms of a gene
What is a locus
The position of a gene on a chromosome/DNA molecule
What are homologous chromosomes
A pair of chromosomes which contain genes which code for the same characteristics
