2.3 Energy and ATP Flashcards
1
Q
What does ATP stand for
A
Adenosine Triphosphate
2
Q
What is ATP
A
A nucleotide
3
Q
ATP is the…
A
Main source of immediate chemical energy in cells
4
Q
What are the properties of ATP
A
- Unstable bonds, therefore lower Ea
- Easily hydrolysed to release energy
- Energy released in small, manageable quantities in a single step.
- Soluble
5
Q
What type of reaction and enzyme turns ATP into ADP and an inorganic phosphate
A
Enzyme: ATP hydrolase
Reaction: Hydrolysis
6
Q
What is the result of turning ATP into ADP + Pi
A
Energy is released
7
Q
What are the uses of the energy released
A
- Building macromolecules (protein, DNA, Photosynthesis)
- Muscle contraction
- Active transport
- Secretion
- Activating molecules (e.g glucose in glycolysis)
8
Q
What type of reaction and enzyme turns ADP and Pi into ATP
A
Reaction: Condensation
Enzyme: ATP synthase
9
Q
What is required to turn ADP + Pi into ATP
A
- Energy being supplied
10
Q
What is the purpose of the energy supplied
A
- Light dependent stage of photosynthesis
- Aerobic respiration - mitochondria
- Anaerobic respiration/glycolysis - cytoplasm
