8.2 Bio Flashcards
What is the primary function of enzymes in DNA replication?
To catalyze biochemical reactions and facilitate the replication process.
True or False: DNA polymerase is responsible for synthesizing new DNA strands.
True
Fill in the blank: The enzyme that unwinds the DNA double helix during replication is called __________.
helicase
What role does primase play in DNA replication?
It synthesizes a short RNA primer to initiate DNA synthesis.
Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides to a growing DNA strand?
DNA polymerase
What is the function of ligase in DNA replication?
To join Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand.
Multiple choice: Which of the following enzymes is involved in the proofreading process during DNA replication?
A) Helicase
B) DNA polymerase
C) Ligase
D) Primase
B) DNA polymerase
What are Okazaki fragments?
Short sequences of DNA synthesized on the lagging strand during replication.
True or False: DNA replication is a conservative process.
False
Fill in the blank: The leading strand is synthesized __________ compared to the lagging strand.
continuously
What is the role of single-strand binding proteins (SSBPs) during DNA replication?
To stabilize the unwound DNA strands and prevent them from re-annealing.
What is the significance of the origin of replication?
It is the specific location on the DNA where replication begins.
Multiple choice: Which enzyme is responsible for removing RNA primers during DNA replication?
A) Helicase
B) DNA polymerase I
C) Ligase
D) Topoisomerase
B) DNA polymerase I
True or False: Both strands of DNA are replicated simultaneously.
True
What is the direction of DNA synthesis?
5’ to 3’ direction
Fill in the blank: The template strand of DNA is read in the __________ direction during replication.
3’ to 5’
What is the role of the sliding clamp in DNA replication?
To hold the DNA polymerase in place on the DNA strand.
Multiple choice: Which of the following statements about DNA replication is true?
A) It is a unidirectional process.
B) It occurs only in the nucleus.
C) It is semiconservative.
D) It requires no energy.
C) It is semiconservative.
What is meant by ‘semiconservative’ replication?
Each new DNA molecule consists of one old strand and one newly synthesized strand.
Which enzyme can synthesize DNA in the absence of a template?
None; all DNA polymerases require a template.
