8.12 Flashcards
1
Q
Baby Boomers in the 1960s
A
- They were graduating from high school and going to college. Between 1945 and 1970, college and university enrollments had quadrupled. They had been influenced by the civil rights movements of African Americans and other groups demanding justice, freedom, and equality.
2
Q
Students for a Democratic Society (SDS)
A
- (1962)
- Radical college student organization led under Tom Hayden.
3
Q
Port Huron Statement
A
- SDS had a meeting in Port Huron, Michigan and created a statement calling for university decisions to be made through participatory democracy so that students would have a voice in decisions affecting their lives.
4
Q
New Left
A
- Activists and intellectuals who supported Hayden’s ideas
5
Q
Free Speech Movement
A
- (1964)
- First protest held by SDS was on the Berkeley campus of the University of California. Berkeley students demanded an end to university restrictions on students’ political activities and a greater voice in the government of the university.
6
Q
Students Against the Vietnam War
A
- Campuses across the nation were disrupted or closed down by antiwar protests. Demonstrations included draft-card burning, sit-ins, and protests against military recruiters and ROTC programs. Students also protested against war-related companies trying to recruit graduates, such as Dow Chemical Company. Several thousand young men fled to Canada or Europe to avoid serving.
7
Q
Students Against Discrimination
A
- SDS members joined African American students in a sit-in and occupation of buildings on the campus of Columbia University in New York City to protest racial discrimination. After nearly a week, police were called in and some 150 protesters were injured and 700 arrested.
8
Q
Democratic Convention in Chicago
A
- (1968)
- During the Election of 1968, a mix of peaceful and radical antiwar protesters, anarchists, and Yippies (members of the Youth International Party) damaged property, terrorized pedestrians, and taunted police. In response, Mayor Richard Daley ordered the police to break up the demonstrations in what some in the media called a “police riot.”
9
Q
Weather Underground
A
- SDS members that embraced violence and vandalism in their attacks of “the system” (government war policies, racial unfairness, and corporate greed). Their methods escalated from riots to stealing weapons to bombings from 1969 through the 1970s.
- “Days of Rage” riots (1969) - More than 280 Weathermen were arrested
- Bombing put them on the FBI’s Most Wanted list.
- In the eyes of most Americans, the Weathermen’s extremist acts and language discredited the early idealism of the New Left.
10
Q
Counterculture
A
- Youth moving away from society norm. Expressed in rebellious styles of dress, music, drug use, and, for some, communal living. Drugs ruined lives. The counterculture’s excesses and the economic uncertainties of the times led to its demise in the 1970s.
11
Q
Folk Music
A
- Gave voice to the younger generation’s protests (Popular Artists: Joan Baez and Bob Dylan)
12
Q
Rock Music
A
- Symbol of counterculture (Popular Artists: The Beatles, the Rolling Stones, Jim Morrison, and Janis Joplin)
13
Q
Woodstock
A
- (1969)
- A gathering of hundreds of thousands of young people at the Woodstock Music Festival in upper New York State. Represented counterculture.
14
Q
Sexual Revolution
A
- Change in many Americans’ attitudes toward sexual expression. Premarital sex, contraception, abortion, and homosexuality became more visible and widely accepted.
- Medicine - Antibiotics for sexually transmitted diseases
- Science - The introduction of the birth-control pill in 1960
- Media - Normalized by overtly sexual themes in advertisements, magazines, and movies
15
Q
Alfred Kinsey
A
- Held pioneering surveys of sexual practice which originally challenged traditional beliefs about sexual conduct in the late 1940s and 1950s. Found that premarital sex, marital infidelity, and homosexuality were more common than anyone had suspected.
