8.1 energy systems

Question 1

aerobic system

Answer 1

low intensity
high supply of oxygen
uses glycolysis, krebs cycle and electron transport chain
+more ATP made
-complicated so cannot be used straight away
marathon

Question 2

ATP-PC system

Answer 2

uses phosphocreatine
releases energy quickly for explosive movements
stores are limited and only last 5-8 seconds
can only be replenished during low intensity work
100m, long jump

Question 3

anaerobic glycolytic system

Answer 3

high intensity, lasts longer than ATP-PC system
quickly re-synthesises ATP from breakdown of glucose
can be used for sprint finish
-lactic acid is a by-product
400m race

Question 4

VO2 max

Answer 4

maximum volume of oxygen that can be taken up per minute

Question 5

EPOC

Answer 5

amount of oxygen consumed during recovery above what would be consumed at normal rest

Question 6

factors affecting VO2 max

Answer 6

lifestyle
body composition
gender
age
genetics
training
physiological- myoglobin content, HR range

Question 7

respiratory exhange ratio (RER)

Answer 7

ratio of carbon dioxide produced compared to oxygen consumed

Question 8

altitude training

Answer 8

2500m+ above sea level
where partial pressure of oxygen is lower
haemoglobin is not fully saturated
increases number of red blood cells and concentration of haemoglobin

Question 9

HIIT training

Answer 9

high intensity interval training
short intervals of maximum intensity exercise followed by recovery of low intensity
e.g. 4 minutes of 8x20s max effort and 10s recovery

Question 10

plyometrics

Answer 10

repeated rapid stratching and contracting of muslces
increase power and speed
e.g. for long jump
involves hopping, depth jumping, medicine ball work

Question 11

SAQ

Answer 11

speed, agility, quickness training
improves multi-directional movement through developing neuromuscular system
e.g. zig zags, foot ladders