5.1 biomechanical principles

Question 1

linear motion

Answer 1

is motion in a straight or curved line, with all body parts moving at the same speed and direction

Question 2

Newtons first law

Answer 2

Law of inertia
body continues in its state of motion unless another force is exerted upon it

Question 3

Inertia

Answer 3

the resistance an object has to a change in its state of motion

Question 4

Newtons second law

Answer 4

Law of acceleration
the rate at which an object changes acceleration depends on the force applied

Question 5

Newtons third law

Answer 5

law of action/reaction
to every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

Question 6

speed

Answer 6

rate of change of postion
distance/ time
m/s

Question 7

centre of mass

Answer 7

point of balance in the body

Question 8

line of gravity

Answer 8

line vertically through the centre of mass

Question 9

factors affecting stability

Answer 9

height of centre of mass
position of line of gravity
area of support base
mass of performer

Question 10

first class levers

Answer 10

fulcrum is in the middle
extension of elbow
flexion and extension of the head at the neck

Question 11

second class levers

Answer 11

resistance is in the middle
plantar flexion at the ankle
+ can generate larger forces
-limited range of movement

Question 12

third class levers

Answer 12

effort is in the middle
flexion and extension at hip, knee, elbow (flexion)
+large range of movement
-cant apply much force

Question 13

effort arm

Answer 13

distance between fulcrum and effort

Question 14

resistance arm

Answer 14

distance between fulcrum and resistance

Question 15

mechanical advantage

Answer 15

effort arm is longer than the resistance arm

Question 16

mechanical disadvantage

Answer 16

resistance arm is longer than effort arm