1.4 neuromuscular system Flashcards
autonomic system
regulates the function of internal organs, works involuntarily
neuromuscular system
where the nerous system and muscles work to allow movement, changes occur to prepare for exercise
sympathetic nervous system
prepares the body for exercise, ‘flight or fight’
parasympathetic nervous system
relaxes the body, slows down high energy functions
slow twitch muscle fibres (type 1)
slow contraction speed
lower intensity exercise, e.g. endurance sports
energy is produced aerobically
small motor neurone size
low force made
high capillary density, myoglobin content
fast twitch muscle fibres (type 2)
faster speed
greater force
fatigue quickly
short bursts of energy
anaerobic
type 2a fibres
fast oxidative glycolytic
more resistant to fatigue
1500m athletics
large motor neurone size
high force made
medium capillary, myoglobin content
type 2x fibres
fast glycolytic
fatigue quickly
high explosive events, e.g. 100m
large motor neurone size
high force made
low capillary, myoglobin content
motor unit
motor neurone + muscle fibres
motor neurones
nerve cells which transmits the brains instructions as electrical impulses to the muscles
neuromuscular junction
where the motor neurone and muscle fibre meet
all or none law
sequence of impulses has to be significant enough to stimulate all fibres, if not, none contract
wave summation
repeated nerve impulse, greater frequeny of stimuli
creates forceful, sustained, smooth contraction
spatial summation
recruitment of additional and bigger motor units within a muscle to increase force
tetanic contraction
sustained muscle contraction caused by repeating stimuli
