10.1 injury prevention and rehabilitation

Question 1

acute injury

Answer 1

occurs suddenly during exercise, pain is felt straight away and is severe, swelling occurs, cant bear weight
e.g. sprain ankle

Question 2

chronic injury

Answer 2

occurs after playing sport for a long time, develop slowly and can last a long time
dull ache while resting
swelling
pain during exercise
e.g. stress fracture

Question 3

fractures

Answer 3

a break or crack in a bone
simple/closed= doesn’t penetrate skin or damage surrounding tissue
compound/open= soft tissue or skin has been damaged
acute

Question 4

dislocations

Answer 4

ends of bones are forced out of position
visibly out of place
acute

Question 5

strains

Answer 5

muscle fibres are stretched too far and tear
acute

Question 6

sprains

Answer 6

ligament is stretched too far or tears
from excessive force on joint
acute

Question 7

achilles tendonitis

Answer 7

pain and inflammation of the tendon as the back of the ankle, connecting the gastrocnemius to the heel bone
chronic

Question 8

stress fracture

Answer 8

area becomes tender and swollen
often when there is an increase in amount of exercise/intensity
muscles become fatigued and can no longer absorb the shock, resulting in small cracks
chronic

Question 9

tennis elbow

Answer 9

muscles and tendons from elbow to hand become inflammed and tiny tears occur on the outside of the elbow
very sore and tender
chronic

Question 10

screening

Answer 10

identify those at risk of complications from exercise
prepare them for the sport and improve performance, reducing injury
highlight any past or current injuries
e.g. ECG, ensure heart can manage stress
- expensive, not 100% accurate, false diagnose, increase anxiety

Question 11

protective equipment

Answer 11

wear correct equipment to reduce injury
e.g. riding hat, scrum cap, gum shield

Question 12

warm-up

Answer 12

increases elasticisty of muscles, reducing chance of injury
increase bodys muscle temperature
increase blood flow and delivery of oxygen
cardiovascular exercise, stretching, skill based drills

Question 13

active stretching

Answer 13

performer works on one joint and pushing beyond its point of resistance, lengthening the muscles and connective tissue surrounding it

Question 14

passive stretching

Answer 14

stretch occurs with help of an external force

Question 15

static stretching

Answer 15

not moving, holding it at furthest point

Question 16

ballistic stretching

Answer 16

swinging or bouncing movements to push the stretch further
must be extremely flexible to do this

Question 17

taping/bracing

Answer 17

support and stabilise the joint
can be placed on muscle to give controlled support as muscle moves
bracing is more substantial giving more stability