8-Prehodni elementi, skupine 3 do 11 Flashcards

1
Q

razpad MnO4(-)

A

MnO4(-) → MnO2 + O2

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2
Q

TcO4(-) in ReO4(-) sta…

A

Obstojni brezbarvni raztopini

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3
Q

CrO4(2-) je…

A

močen oksidant

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4
Q

MoO4(2-) in WO4(2-) sta…

A

obstojna

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5
Q

III sk.
lantanoidi so močni reducenti, Ln oksidi so bazični
reagirajo z vodo in CO2

A

Ln2O3 + 3 CO2 → Ln2(CO3)3
in
Ln2O3 + 3 H2O → 2 Ln(OH)3

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6
Q

pridobivanje UF6 je tehnološko pomembno (najtežji znani plin)

A

UO2 + 4 HF → UF4 + 2 H2O

3 UF4 + 2 ClF3 → 3 UF6 + Cl2

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7
Q
IV sk
Pridobivanje Ti (iz ilmenita)
A

2 FeTiO3 + 7 Cl2 + 6 C (900ºC) → 2 TiCl4 + 2 FeCl3 + 6 CO

TiCl4 + 2 Mg (1000ºC)→ Ti + 2 MgCl2

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8
Q

tudi TiO2 se pridobiva iy ilmenita

A

FeTiO3 + 2H2SO4 → FeSO4 + TiO(SO4) + 2H2O

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9
Q

TiO2 reagira s številnimi oksidi in karbonati

A

2 ZnO + TiO2 → Zn2TiO4
in
TiO2 + BaCO3 → BaTiO3 + CO2

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10
Q

peroksi spojine Ti

A

TiO(SO4) + H2SO4 + H2O2 + H2O → 2 H3O(+) + Ti(O2)(SO4)2

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11
Q

V sk.

termični razpad NH4VO3

A

2 NH4VO3 → V2O5 + 2 NH3 + H2O

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12
Q

V2O5 z žveplovo kisl

A

V2O5 + H2SO4 → (VO2)HSO4

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13
Q

halogenidi V, Nb, Ta z vodo hidrolizirajo

A

VCl4 + H2O → VOCl2 + 2 HCl

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14
Q

VI sk.

Cr, Mo, W pridobivamo iz oksidov

A

Cr2O3 + 2 Al → Al2O3 + 2 Cr

MoO3 + 3 H2 → Mo + 3 H2O
WO3 + 3 H2 → W + 3 H2O

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15
Q

pridobivanje Fe iz jekla

A

FeCr2O4 + 4 C → Fe + 2 Cr + 4 CO

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16
Q

Pridobivanje Cr2O3

A

Na2Cr2O7 + 2 NH4Cl → Cr2O3 + N2 + 2 NaCl + 4 H2O

ali

Na2CrO7 + 2 C → Cr2O3 + Na2CO3 + CO

17
Q

kromati nastanek

A

CrO3 + hidroksid → CrO4(2-)

18
Q

kromati: reakcije z vodo

A

H2CrO4 + H2O ↔ HCrO4(-) + H3O(+)

HCrO4(-) + H2O ↔ CrO4(2-) + H3O(+)

2 HCrO4(-) ↔ Cr2O7(2-) + H2O

19
Q

Cr2O7(2-) + hidroksid

A

Cr2O7(2-) + OH(-) ↔ HCrO4(-) + CrO4(2-)

HCrO4(-) + OH(-) ↔ CrO4(2-) + H2O

20
Q

bridobivanje Na2CrO4

A

4 FeCr2O4 + ( NaCO3 + 7 O2 →(1100°C)→ 2 Fe2O3 + 8 Na2CrO4 + 8 CO2

21
Q

Cr2O7(2-) je močen oksidant, sploh v kislem

A

Cr2O7(2-) + 6 Fe(2+) + 14 H(+) → 2 Cr(3+) + 6 Fe(3+) + 7 H2O
in
Cr2O7(2-) + 3 C2H5OH + 8 H(+) → 2 Cr(3+) + 3 CH3CHO + 7 H2O

22
Q

MoO4(2-) ali WO4(2-) →

A

MO4(2-) → MO3 + NaOH

23
Q

avtoredukcija (priprava Cr2O3)

A

(NH4)2CrO7 → Cr2O3 + N2 + 4 H2O

24
Q

priprava Cr2(SO4)3 iz elem. Cr

A

4 Cr + 6 H2SO4 + 3 O2 → 2 Cr(SO4)3 + 6 H2O

25
Q

Cr(OH)3 je amorfen

A

Cr(OH)3 + H3O(+) → Cr(3+)
in
Cr(OH)3 + OH(-) → Cr(OH)6

26
Q

redukcija Cr(3+) z nascentnim vodikom

A

Cr(3+) →((Zn + H2SO4))→ Cr(2+)