8 - Personality

Question 1

Personality

Answer 1

a set of emotional, cognitive, and behavioral tendencies that people display over time

Question 2

Id

Answer 2

sexual and aggressive drives, physical needs, simple psychological needs (comfort)
–> pleasure principle

Question 3

superego

Answer 3

sense of right and wrong, developed by internalizing parental and cultural morality

Question 4

Psychological determinism

Answer 4

All thoughts, feelings, and behaviors have an underlying psychological cause (Freud)

Question 5

ego

Answer 5

balances id, superego, and reality

Question 6

psychosexual stages

Answer 6

Oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital

if children don’t satisfy needs and urges related to a given stage, FIXATION will develop

Question 7

neurosis

Answer 7

conflict between ego and id/superego

Question 8

defense mechanisms

Answer 8

** unconscious processes that prevent unacceptable thoughts or urges to surface to consciousness**
Denial
Intellectualization — thinking about things rationally and logically
Projection — attributing thoughts to others
Rationalization — explanations
Repression
Sublimation — directing elsewhere (hockey)
Undoing — gym after cake

Question 9

extraversion

Answer 9

warmth, gregariousness, assertiveness, activity, excitement

Question 10

neuroticism

Answer 10

anxiety, hostility, depression, self-consciousness, impulsiveness

Question 11

agreeableness

Answer 11

trust, altruism, compliance, modesty

Question 12

conscientiousness

Answer 12

competence, order, dutifulness, achievement striving, deliberation, discipline

Question 13

openness

Answer 13

fantasy, aesthetics, feelings, actions, ideas, values

Question 14

MMPI-2

Answer 14

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory

personality inventory, true false questions

Question 15

Rorschach Test

Answer 15

projective test with ambiguous stimuli

Question 16

Temperament

Answer 16

inclination to engage in a certain style of thinking, feeling, or behaving
sociability
emotionality
activity
impulsivity

Question 17

shyness (wallflower temperament)

Answer 17

high-reactive babies, inhibited babies

Question 18

Behavioral Activation and Inhibition System

Answer 18

BAS — triggers positive feelings, underlies impulsivity

BIS — activated by threats and punishment, triggers anxiety and inhibits behavior

Question 19

heritability of personality

Answer 19

40-50%

Question 20

Attachment styles

Answer 20

Secure, anxious, avoidant