8 - Natural resources planning

Question 1

The first Earth Day was April 2__, 19____.

Answer 1

April 22, 1970.

Question 2

___________ was the author of Silent Spring, which was published in 1962. The book examined the dangers of chemical pesticides, such as DDT, on plants, animals, and humans. The book greatly influenced the way people think about the environment

Answer 2

Rachel Carson

Question 3

Aquifer is one or more strata of rock or sediment that is saturated and sufficiently permeable to yield ____________ of water to wells or springs.

Answer 3

economically significant quantities

Question 4

Reservoir is a pond, lake, tank, or basin that can be used for the storage and control of water, and can be either natural or man-made.

True or False

Answer 4

True

Question 5

The ________ occurs at the elevation where the water pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure.

Answer 5

Water Table

Question 6

Passed in 1972, the _____________ establishes the basic structure for regulating discharges of pollutants into the waters of the United States and regulating quality standards for surface waters.

Answer 6

Clean Water Act (CWA)

Question 7

In order to discharge pollutants into the water, a ____________must be obtained from the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)

Answer 7

Point Source Discharge Permit

Question 8

In its 1990 revision of the Clean Air Act, Congress recognized that _______ have the authority to implement air pollution control programs.

Answer 8

Indian Tribes

Question 9

The Clean Air Act was enacte in 19, with major revsions in 1977 and 1990

Answer 9

1970

Question 10

The Clean Air Act has provisions that cut off federal funding for metropolitan areas not in attainment. In non-attainment areas, new pollution sources are allowed only if there is a reduction in pollutants greater than the pollutants contributed by the source.

True or False

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Non-attainment Area

Answer 11

In United States environmental law, a non-attainment area is an area considered to have air quality worse than the National Ambient Air Quality Standards as defined in the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1970 (P.L. 91-604, Sec. 109).

Question 12

National Ambient Air Quality Standards

Answer 12

National Ambient Air Quality Standards are** limits on atmospheric concentration of six pollutants** that cause smog, acid rain, and other health hazards.

Question 13

The Clean Air Act monitors six pollutants:

Answer 13

• Ozone
• Particulate Matter
• Carbon Monoxide
• Nitrogen Dioxide
• Sulfur Dioxide
• Lead

Question 14

Prevention of Significant Deterioration

Answer 14

Program was devised by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as part of the Clear Air Act in order to permit economic growth in a manner consistent with the preservation of air quality in areas meeting the national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS).

Question 15

____________requires federal agencies to prepare an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) for all major federal actions that could significantly affect the quality of the human environment. It was passed with bi-partisan support in _____.

Answer 15

The National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA); 1969

Question 16

Environmental Assessment (EA).

Answer 16

Concise review document taking into account the purpose and need of the proposal, any alternatives, and a brief
review of the impacted environment. An EA will either result in a Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) or if significant environmental impacts appear likely, an EIS.

Question 17

The Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899

Answer 17

Considered the oldest environmental law in the United States, the act prohibited the construction of any bridge, dam, dike, or causeway over any navigable waterway in the country without Congressional approval. lt also required Congressional approval for all wharves, piers, or jetties, and the excavation or fill of navigable waters.

Question 18

The Water Pollution Control Act of 1948

Answer 18

First major U.S. law to address water pollution. Allowed agencies to prepare comprehensive programs to eliminate or reduce pollution of interstate waters and tributaries, incluiding the construction of treatment plants.
As amended in 1972, the law became commonly known as the Clean Water Act (CWA).

Question 19

Water Quality Act of 1965

Answer 19

Established the Water Pollution Control Administration within the Department of the Interior. First time water quality was treated as an environmental concern rather than a public health concern.

Question 20

The Public Utility Regulatory Policy Act (PURPA) of 1978

Answer 20

Promotes alternative energy sources, energy efficiency, and reduced dependence on foreign oil. It also created a market for non-utility power producers and requires competition in the utility industry

Question 21

The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) of 1980

Answer 21

Created a $1.6 billion Superfund to clean up abandoned hazardous waste sites and requires major industries to report annual releases of toxic wastes into the air, water, or ground.
Superfund is the common name for CERCLA. A tax on the petroleum and chemical industries provides funding to help pay for the cleanup of superfund sites.

Question 22

There are more than ________ superfund sites across the United States

Answer 22

1,200

Question 23

The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) of 1976

Answer 23

• Provided EPA with the ability to control hazardous waste from the “cradle-to-grave.”
• This includes the generation, transportation, treatment, storage, and disposal of hazardous waste, as well as the management of non-hazardous solid wastes.
• The 1986 amendment covered environmental issues associated with underground storage tanks for fuel and other hazardous substances.

Question 24

Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)

Answer 24

Currently mandates that EPA regulate the use and sale of pesticides to protect human health and the environment.

Question 25

LULU

Answer 25

Locally undesirable land use