8. IT: Hardware, Software, Networks Flashcards
1
Q
Why is Information Technology important?
A
- IT is everywhere, deeply integrated into jobs and daily life.
- Increased dependency on Information Systems (IS).
- IT enables organizational change.
- Basic IT knowledge helps understand: Behavior and technology use, Innovations in technology, Social media and IS.
2
Q
What is the basic function of a computer?
A
- Input: Data comes into the system.
- Processing: Handled by:
CPU (Central Processing Unit).
ALU (Arithmetic-Logic Unit).
Control Unit (manages data flow). - Output: Results are delivered.
- Storage:
Primary Storage (RAM): Temporary, erased when powered off.
Secondary Storage: Permanent, like hard drives.
3
Q
How do computers use binary representation? 5 points
A
- Computers use a 2-number system (0 and 1).
- Data is represented in bits (0 or 1).
- 8 bits = 1 byte.
- Binary is based on turning circuits on/off.
- Moore’s Law: Exponential growth in processing power due to more transistors per processor.
4
Q
What is the layered approach to software?
A
- Software is built in layers from hardware to application
- You almost never see the lower layers but they are very important
5
Q
How do networks work? 3 points
A
- A network connects devices like computers, routers, and servers.
- Router: Connects devices to the global network.
- Server: Provides services to clients.
6
Q
What are 3 common network devices?
A
- Access Devices: Allow entry to networks (modem)
- Interconnection Devices: Link devices.
(Router) - Mesh Networks: Devices act as both network and connection points (Google Home).
7
Q
What is the internet?
A
A global network of billions of connected devices.
8
Q
What is the client-server model?
A
- A system where clients (user devices) request services/data from a central server.
- Communication occurs over a network.
- Servers provide resources like web hosting or databases.
