8-Hepatitus Viruses A-E

Question 1

What family/type of virus is HAV?

Answer 1

Picornavirus, +ssRNA, Icosahedral, Naked

Question 2

What family/type of virus is HEV?

Answer 2

Hepevirus, +ssRNA, Icosahedral, Naked

Question 3

What family/type of virus is HCV?

Answer 3

Flavivirus, +ssRNA, Icosahedral, Enveloped

Question 4

What family/type of virus is HBV?

Answer 4

Hepadnavirus, -ss/ds DNA, Enveloped

Question 5

What family/type of virus is HDV?

Answer 5

Deltavirus, circular RNA, Enveloped - Defective

Question 6

What is the major route of HAV infection?

Answer 6

fecal-oral

Question 7

What is the major route of HEV infection?

Answer 7

fecal-oral

Question 8

What is the major route of HCV infection?

Answer 8

Blood born infection

Question 9

What is the major route of HBV infection?

Answer 9

Blood born infection

Question 10

What is the major route of HDV infection?

Answer 10

Must infect a cell with HBV to produce infectious virus - cannot produce any infectious virus on its own.

Question 11

Are infections Chronic or Acute in HAV infections?

Answer 11

Acute, no chronic

Question 12

Are infections Chronic or Acute in HEV infections?

Answer 12

Acute, no chronic

Question 13

Are infections Chronic or Acute in HBV, HDV Co-infections?

Answer 13

Only 5% go on to chronic

Question 14

Are infections Chronic or Acute in HDV Super-infections?

Answer 14

80-90% will develop chronic infection

Question 15

What is the vaccine for HAV?

Answer 15

Whole-killed virus

Question 16

What is the major source of Hepatitis outbreaks World Wide, NOT in the US?

Answer 16

HEV

Question 17

What is the major source of spreading for HEV?

Answer 17

contaminated drinking water

Question 18

What is the percent of fatality in HEV pregnant women in their third trimester?

Answer 18

15-25%

Question 19

What is the primary way HCV is spread? What are the 2 other ways it can be spread through?

Answer 19

Shared needles; sex, vertical transmission

Question 20

What percentage of people will become infected with HCV due to needle sticks?

Answer 20

1.8%

Question 21

What is the number one reason fro a liver transplant in the US?

Answer 21

HCV

Question 22

What is causing the liver damage in HCV patients?

Answer 22

CD8+ CTL’s

Question 23

There is no vaccine and no post-exposure treatment to prevent infection; but now there is a treatment with HCV specific antivirals, they are against what 3 things?

Answer 23

viral protease
viral polymerase
viral protein NS5A

Question 24

What is the cure rate for treatment of HCV, depending on genotype?

Answer 24

80-95%

Question 25

If a needle stick with a known HBV positive source, what percentage of people will become infected?

Answer 25

30%

Question 26

In the vertical transmission of HBV what is the percent chance of becoming chronically infected?

Answer 26

90%

Question 27

The presence of what means you are actively infected with HBV?

Answer 27

(HBsAg) Hepatitis B surface antigen

Question 28

The presence of what means you have a high level of HBV virus in your blood?

Answer 28

(HBeAg) Hepatitis B e antigen

Question 29

What type of vaccine is the HBV vaccine?

Answer 29

subunit (only HBsAg)

Question 30

What is the post exposure treatment for HBV; treatment is not a cure and once started usually goes on for life?

Answer 30

(HBIG) Hepatits B Immunoglobulin

Question 31

What is targeted in HBV treatments?

Answer 31

reverse transcriptase

Question 32

What are the 3 methods of HBV spreading?

Answer 32

Sexual contact, Needle Sharing/stick, Mother to Child

Question 33

What does HDV use to coat the virus?

Answer 33

HBV's surface antigen, HBsAg

Question 34

Which way of HDV transmission results in a higher chance of fulminant hepatitis (~2%)?

Answer 34

Co-infection

Question 35

In what type of HDV infection are you already infected with HBV then you get infected with HDV?

Answer 35

Superinfection

Question 36

What is the post exposure prophylaxis for HDV co-infection?

Answer 36

Same as HBV (HBIG)

Question 37

What is the post exposure prophylaxis for HDV super-infection?

Answer 37

No effective Tx - because you are already infected with HBV

Question 38

What treatment seems to make symptoms better for HDV infections, but is not a cure?

Answer 38

Interferon