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Microbiology > 8-Hepatitus Viruses A-E > Flashcards

8-Hepatitus Viruses A-E Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What family/type of virus is HAV?

A

Picornavirus, +ssRNA, Icosahedral, Naked

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2
Q

What family/type of virus is HEV?

A

Hepevirus, +ssRNA, Icosahedral, Naked

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3
Q

What family/type of virus is HCV?

A

Flavivirus, +ssRNA, Icosahedral, Enveloped

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4
Q

What family/type of virus is HBV?

A

Hepadnavirus, -ss/ds DNA, Enveloped

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5
Q

What family/type of virus is HDV?

A

Deltavirus, circular RNA, Enveloped - Defective

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6
Q

What is the major route of HAV infection?

A

fecal-oral

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7
Q

What is the major route of HEV infection?

A

fecal-oral

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8
Q

What is the major route of HCV infection?

A

Blood born infection

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9
Q

What is the major route of HBV infection?

A

Blood born infection

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10
Q

What is the major route of HDV infection?

A

Must infect a cell with HBV to produce infectious virus - cannot produce any infectious virus on its own.

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11
Q

Are infections Chronic or Acute in HAV infections?

A

Acute, no chronic

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12
Q

Are infections Chronic or Acute in HEV infections?

A

Acute, no chronic

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13
Q

Are infections Chronic or Acute in HBV, HDV Co-infections?

A

Only 5% go on to chronic

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14
Q

Are infections Chronic or Acute in HDV Super-infections?

A

80-90% will develop chronic infection

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15
Q

What is the vaccine for HAV?

A

Whole-killed virus

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16
Q

What is the major source of Hepatitis outbreaks World Wide, NOT in the US?

A

HEV

17
Q

What is the major source of spreading for HEV?

A

contaminated drinking water

18
Q

What is the percent of fatality in HEV pregnant women in their third trimester?

A

15-25%

19
Q

What is the primary way HCV is spread? What are the 2 other ways it can be spread through?

A

Shared needles; sex, vertical transmission

20
Q

What percentage of people will become infected with HCV due to needle sticks?

A

1.8%

21
Q

What is the number one reason fro a liver transplant in the US?

A

HCV

22
Q

What is causing the liver damage in HCV patients?

A

CD8+ CTL’s

23
Q

There is no vaccine and no post-exposure treatment to prevent infection; but now there is a treatment with HCV specific antivirals, they are against what 3 things?

A

viral protease
viral polymerase
viral protein NS5A

24
Q

What is the cure rate for treatment of HCV, depending on genotype?

A

80-95%

25
Q

If a needle stick with a known HBV positive source, what percentage of people will become infected?

A

30%

26
Q

In the vertical transmission of HBV what is the percent chance of becoming chronically infected?

A

90%

27
Q

The presence of what means you are actively infected with HBV?

A

(HBsAg) Hepatitis B surface antigen

28
Q

The presence of what means you have a high level of HBV virus in your blood?

A

(HBeAg) Hepatitis B e antigen

29
Q

What type of vaccine is the HBV vaccine?

A

subunit (only HBsAg)

30
Q

What is the post exposure treatment for HBV; treatment is not a cure and once started usually goes on for life?

A

(HBIG) Hepatits B Immunoglobulin

31
Q

What is targeted in HBV treatments?

A

reverse transcriptase

32
Q

What are the 3 methods of HBV spreading?

A

Sexual contact, Needle Sharing/stick, Mother to Child

33
Q

What does HDV use to coat the virus?

A

HBV’s surface antigen, HBsAg

34
Q

Which way of HDV transmission results in a higher chance of fulminant hepatitis (~2%)?

A

Co-infection

35
Q

In what type of HDV infection are you already infected with HBV then you get infected with HDV?

A

Superinfection

36
Q

What is the post exposure prophylaxis for HDV co-infection?

A

Same as HBV (HBIG)

37
Q

What is the post exposure prophylaxis for HDV super-infection?

A

No effective Tx - because you are already infected with HBV

38
Q

What treatment seems to make symptoms better for HDV infections, but is not a cure?

A

Interferon

Microbiology (10 decks)

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