8) Health-Related Behaviour Flashcards
What is a health related behaviour?
Anything that may promote goof health or lead to illness
e.g. exercise, healthy diet, smoking, drinking
What are the learning theories?
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
Social learning theory
What is classical conditioning?
Give an example
Learning through unconscious association or from force of habit
Behaviours paired with an environment or emotions e.g. smoking on work break or anxious
How can classical conditioning be overcome?
Change habits by creating new routines
Give an example of using classical conditioning to correct a negative health related behaviour:
Disulfiram in alcoholic
Associate drinking with being sick
What is operant conditioning?
Behaviour shaped by consequences
Reinforced if rewarded or punishment removed
What is the problem with operant conditioning?
Unhealthy behaviours are immediately rewarding
What are the limitations of conditioning theories?
No social context
No account of knowledge
Based on simple stimulus-response associations
What is social learning theory?
Learning by watching other people’s behaviour and seeing the consequences
Describe how role models may cause health-related behaviours:
Likely to look up to and copy role-model’s behaviour
What is cognitive dissonance theory?
Give an example
Discomfort when hold inconsistent beliefs and actions don’t match these
e.g. facts on cigarette packet prompting change
What is the health belief model?
Beliefs about health threat (susceptibility and severity) and about HR behaviours (benefits and barriers) plus cues = action
What are the limitations of the health belief model?
Consequences only thought of after actions
Habit
Emotional factors e.g. fear
Social influences not considered
What is the planned behaviour model?
Attitude to behaviour, subjective norm (social influences) and perceived control lead to intention to change behaviour
What is the problem with the planned behaviour model?
Translating intention into behaviour
