8. Foot Bones Flashcards
Total number of bones in foot?
26 total
7 tarsal
5 metatarsals
14 phalanges
What is usually found under the first metatarsal?
A pair of sesamoid bones within tendon of flexor hallucis brevis
What do the tarsals and metatarsals form?
Longitudinal and transverse arches of foot
Tarsal bones
Calcaneus Talus Navicular Cuboid Medial cuniform Intermediate cuniform Lateral cuniform
Shape of Talus
Head - rounded, convex, distal articular surface
Body - squarish, bulky
Trochlea - saddle shaped articular surface
What joint is the talus the lower member of?
Talocrural joint (tibia, fibula and talus)
What groove is on the talus?
Flexor hallucis longus groove
Short, nearly vertical
Location of cuboid bone
Lateral side of foot
Between calcaneus and MT4/5
Articulations of cuboid bone
Calcaneus MT4 MT5 Navicular 3rd cuneiform
How to idnetify cuboid bone
Large size
Projection, pointed, proximal articular surface (medial)
Articulations of navicular
Head of talus
Three cuneiforms
Corner of cuboid
Tubercle of navicular
Large blunt projection on medial side
Main insertion of tibialis posterior
Properties of 1st cuneiform
Largest cuneiform
Between navicular and MT1
Kidney shaped facet
Medial
Articulations of 1st cuneiform
Navicular
MT1
Second cuneiform
MT2
Intermediate cuneiform
Smallest of all three cuneiforms
Between navicular and MT2
Articulations of intermediate cuneiform
Navicular
MT2
Medial cuneiform
Lateral cuneiform
Lateral cuneiform
Located in centre of foot
Middle sized cuneiform
Articulations of lateral cuneiform
MT2 MT3 MT4 Intermediate cuneiform Cuboid Navicular
Properties of metatarsals
Tubular bones
Round distal articular heads
Squarish proximal bases
Plantar shaft more concave
Metatarsals = Heads smaller than bases Metacarpals = Heads larger than bases
Properties of 1st metatarsal
Shortest and largest
Sesamoid grooves on bottom for sesamoid bones
Articulates with medial cuneiform
Properties of 2nd metatarsal
Longest
Narrowest
Two lateral facets at base
More styloid appearance than MT3
Articulations of 2nd metatarsal
Lateral cuneiform
MT3
Intermediate cuneiform
Medial cuneiform
Properties of MT3
Very similar to MT2 2 medial facets Single large basal facet Base is squarer Large bulging tubercle
Articulations of 3rd metatarsal
MT2
MT4
Lateral cuneiform
Properties of MT4
Shorter than MT2/3
Single medial and lateral basal facets
Facet for cuboid is oval
Articulations of MT4
MT3
MT5
Cuboid
Properties of MT5
Styloid process which is insertion for tendon of peroneus brevis
Articualtions of MT5
MT4
Cuboid
Proximal phalanges
Single concave proximal facet
trochlear surface distally
Hallux phalanx bigger than the rest
Intermediate phalanges
Double proximal articular facet
Trochlea shaped distal facet
Distal phalanges
Double proximal articular facet
Terminal tip is a non-articular pad
Name of non articular pad on distal phalanges
Distal phalangeal tubercle
Attachments of soleus and gastrocnemius?
Insert into achilles tendon on to the calcaneus
Attachment of tibialis anterior?
Medial cuneiform
1st metatarsal
Attachment of peroneus brevis?
Base of 5th metatarsal
