4. Pelvic Girdle Flashcards
Function of the pelvis
Link between upper and lower body
Weight bearing structure
Transfers upper body weight to the legs
Why are human pelvises compromised?
Bipedalism changed shape of pelvis making it harder to give birth
What are the sides of the pelvis called?
Innominate
What bones are the pelvis formed of?
Ilium
Ishcium
Pubis
Where does the sacrum articulate?
Auricular surfacee
Where does the femur articulate?
Acetabulum
Where do the innominates articulate?
Pubic symphysis
What attaches to the anterior superior iliac spine?
Inguinal ligament
Sartorius
Tensor Fasciae latae
What attaches to the iliac tubercle?
Iliotibial tract
What attaches to the anterior inferior iliac spine?
Rectus femoris
Iliofemoral ligament
What attaches to the iliac fossa?
Iliacus
What attaches to the acetabulum and what is their function?
Ligamentum teres
Transverse acetabular ligament
Function = prevent displacement of femur
What attaches to the pectineal line of superior ramus of pubis?
Pectineus
What attaches to the inferior pubic ramus?
Adductor magnus
What attaches to the anterior pubis?
Adductor longus
Function of inguinal ligament
Contains soft tissue structures running from trunk to leg
Function of sartorius
Flexion
Lateral rotation
Abduction of thigh at hip joint
Function of tensor fasciae latae
Flexion
Abduction
Rotation of thigh
Function of rectus femoris
Extension of leg at knee joint
Flexion of thigh at hip joint
Function of iliofemoralligament
strongest ligament in body
Maintains pelvis position
Keeps femoral head in acetabulum
Function of iliacus
Flexes thigh at hip joint
Function of pectineus
Thigh flexion
Thigh adduction
Function of adductor magnus
Adduct thigh
Extend thigh
Rotate thigh
Function of adductor longus
Adduct thigh
Flex thigh
Medially rotate thigh
What attaches to the ischial tuberosity?
Hamstring Muscles
Biceps femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Function of semitendinosus, semimembranosus and biceps femoris
knee flexion
knee rotation
hip extension
What are the differences between male and female’s obturator foramen?
Male - large and ovoid
Female - small and triangular
What are the differences between male and female’s acetabulum?
Male - large, more laterally orientated
Female - small, more anteriorly oriented
Differences in male and female pelvic inlet?
Male - heart shaped, narrow mediolaterally
Female - circular, elliptical, wide mediolaterally
Differences in male and female true pelvis?
Male - small
Female - shallow and spacious
Differences in male and female pelvic muscle markings?
Male - marked, rugged
Female - gracile, smooth
Differences in male and female greater sciatic notch?
Male - narrow and deep
Female - shallow and wide
Differences in male and female auricular surface?
Male - depressed, wide
Female - raised, narrow
Differences in male and female preauricular sulcus?
Male - not present, very slight
Female - often present, well developed
Differences in male and female postauricular space?
Male - narrow
Female - wide
Differences in male and female ilium shape?
Male - high, vertical
Female - laterally divergent
Differences in male and female pubic symphysis?
Male - higher up
Female - lower down
Differences in male and female subpubic angle?
Male - narrow, V shaped, acute angle
Female - wide, U shaped, obtuse angle
Differences in subpubic concavity?
Male - slight to no concavity
Female - concavity present
Differences in ventral arc?
Male - absent
Female - present as elevated ridge extending inferolaterally across ventral pubis
Differences in medial ischiopubic ramus?
Male - broad, flat, blunt, slightly everted
Female - ridged, sharp edged, everted
Differences in shape of pubic bone?
Male - narrow
Female - broad and rectangular
Differences in dorsal pubic pitting?
Male - absent
Female - present
Where does gluteus maximus attach on the pelvis?
Laterally behind the posterior gluteal line
Where does gluteus medius attach on the pelvis?
Laterally between posterior and anterior gluteal lines
Where does gluteus minimus attach on the pelvis?
Laterally between anterior and inferior gluteal line
Action of the gluteal muscles?
Extension and rotation of hip
Function of iliotibial tract?
Extend, abduct and laterally rotate hip
Stabilise the knee
What attaches to the pubic tubercle?
Inguinal ligament
What age would they be if the ilium, ischium and pubis are all unfused?
5 months prenatal - 11 years
What age would they be if the ischiopubic ramus has fused?
5 years - 18 years
What are the non-metric traits of the pelvis?
Accessory iliac and sacral facets (articulations between ilium and sacrum other than auricular surface)
Pre-auricular sulcus (groove inferior to auricular surface)
Acetabular crease (groove penetrating lunate surface of acetabulum)
Dorsal pitting (eroded areas on pubic body)
Properties of the Phenice Method for sex estimation?
Very high accuracy
Observation of ischiopubic ramus - ventral arc, subpubic concavity, medial ischiopubic ramus
Requires pubis to be intact (80-90% of archaeological samples lack this)
