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Osteology > 4. Pelvic Girdle > Flashcards

4. Pelvic Girdle Flashcards

1
Q

Function of the pelvis

A

Link between upper and lower body
Weight bearing structure
Transfers upper body weight to the legs

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2
Q

Why are human pelvises compromised?

A

Bipedalism changed shape of pelvis making it harder to give birth

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3
Q

What are the sides of the pelvis called?

A

Innominate

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4
Q

What bones are the pelvis formed of?

A

Ilium
Ishcium
Pubis

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5
Q

Where does the sacrum articulate?

A

Auricular surfacee

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6
Q

Where does the femur articulate?

A

Acetabulum

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7
Q

Where do the innominates articulate?

A

Pubic symphysis

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8
Q

What attaches to the anterior superior iliac spine?

A

Inguinal ligament
Sartorius
Tensor Fasciae latae

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9
Q

What attaches to the iliac tubercle?

A

Iliotibial tract

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10
Q

What attaches to the anterior inferior iliac spine?

A

Rectus femoris

Iliofemoral ligament

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11
Q

What attaches to the iliac fossa?

A

Iliacus

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12
Q

What attaches to the acetabulum and what is their function?

A

Ligamentum teres
Transverse acetabular ligament

Function = prevent displacement of femur

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13
Q

What attaches to the pectineal line of superior ramus of pubis?

A

Pectineus

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14
Q

What attaches to the inferior pubic ramus?

A

Adductor magnus

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15
Q

What attaches to the anterior pubis?

A

Adductor longus

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16
Q

Function of inguinal ligament

A

Contains soft tissue structures running from trunk to leg

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17
Q

Function of sartorius

A

Flexion
Lateral rotation
Abduction of thigh at hip joint

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18
Q

Function of tensor fasciae latae

A

Flexion
Abduction
Rotation of thigh

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19
Q

Function of rectus femoris

A

Extension of leg at knee joint

Flexion of thigh at hip joint

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20
Q

Function of iliofemoralligament

A

strongest ligament in body
Maintains pelvis position
Keeps femoral head in acetabulum

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21
Q

Function of iliacus

A

Flexes thigh at hip joint

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22
Q

Function of pectineus

A

Thigh flexion

Thigh adduction

23
Q

Function of adductor magnus

A

Adduct thigh
Extend thigh
Rotate thigh

24
Q

Function of adductor longus

A

Adduct thigh
Flex thigh
Medially rotate thigh

25
Q

What attaches to the ischial tuberosity?

A

Hamstring Muscles
Biceps femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus

26
Q

Function of semitendinosus, semimembranosus and biceps femoris

A

knee flexion
knee rotation
hip extension

27
Q

What are the differences between male and female’s obturator foramen?

A

Male - large and ovoid

Female - small and triangular

28
Q

What are the differences between male and female’s acetabulum?

A

Male - large, more laterally orientated

Female - small, more anteriorly oriented

29
Q

Differences in male and female pelvic inlet?

A

Male - heart shaped, narrow mediolaterally

Female - circular, elliptical, wide mediolaterally

30
Q

Differences in male and female true pelvis?

A

Male - small

Female - shallow and spacious

31
Q

Differences in male and female pelvic muscle markings?

A

Male - marked, rugged

Female - gracile, smooth

32
Q

Differences in male and female greater sciatic notch?

A

Male - narrow and deep

Female - shallow and wide

33
Q

Differences in male and female auricular surface?

A

Male - depressed, wide

Female - raised, narrow

34
Q

Differences in male and female preauricular sulcus?

A

Male - not present, very slight

Female - often present, well developed

35
Q

Differences in male and female postauricular space?

A

Male - narrow

Female - wide

36
Q

Differences in male and female ilium shape?

A

Male - high, vertical

Female - laterally divergent

37
Q

Differences in male and female pubic symphysis?

A

Male - higher up

Female - lower down

38
Q

Differences in male and female subpubic angle?

A

Male - narrow, V shaped, acute angle

Female - wide, U shaped, obtuse angle

39
Q

Differences in subpubic concavity?

A

Male - slight to no concavity

Female - concavity present

40
Q

Differences in ventral arc?

A

Male - absent

Female - present as elevated ridge extending inferolaterally across ventral pubis

41
Q

Differences in medial ischiopubic ramus?

A

Male - broad, flat, blunt, slightly everted

Female - ridged, sharp edged, everted

42
Q

Differences in shape of pubic bone?

A

Male - narrow

Female - broad and rectangular

43
Q

Differences in dorsal pubic pitting?

A

Male - absent

Female - present

44
Q

Where does gluteus maximus attach on the pelvis?

A

Laterally behind the posterior gluteal line

45
Q

Where does gluteus medius attach on the pelvis?

A

Laterally between posterior and anterior gluteal lines

46
Q

Where does gluteus minimus attach on the pelvis?

A

Laterally between anterior and inferior gluteal line

47
Q

Action of the gluteal muscles?

A

Extension and rotation of hip

48
Q

Function of iliotibial tract?

A

Extend, abduct and laterally rotate hip

Stabilise the knee

49
Q

What attaches to the pubic tubercle?

A

Inguinal ligament

50
Q

What age would they be if the ilium, ischium and pubis are all unfused?

A

5 months prenatal - 11 years

51
Q

What age would they be if the ischiopubic ramus has fused?

A

5 years - 18 years

52
Q

What are the non-metric traits of the pelvis?

A

Accessory iliac and sacral facets (articulations between ilium and sacrum other than auricular surface)
Pre-auricular sulcus (groove inferior to auricular surface)
Acetabular crease (groove penetrating lunate surface of acetabulum)
Dorsal pitting (eroded areas on pubic body)

53
Q

Properties of the Phenice Method for sex estimation?

A

Very high accuracy
Observation of ischiopubic ramus - ventral arc, subpubic concavity, medial ischiopubic ramus
Requires pubis to be intact (80-90% of archaeological samples lack this)

Osteology (11 decks)

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