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[OS 211] 2nd Lecture Exam > [8] CNS Infections and Autoimmune Postinfectious Disorders in Children > Flashcards

[8] CNS Infections and Autoimmune Postinfectious Disorders in Children Flashcards

1
Q

Most common Etiologic Organism causing Bacterial Meningitis in the 0-2 month age group

A

Streptococcus

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2
Q

Most common Etiologic Organism causing Bacterial Meningitis in the 3 months - 6 years age group

A

H. influenza

Streptococcus pneumoniae

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3
Q

Most common Etiologic Organism causing Bacterial Meningitis in the early to late childhood

A

Streptococcus pneumonia

Neisseria meningitides

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4
Q

Absolute contraindication to doing a lumbar puncture

A

Infection at the LP Site

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5
Q

Meningococcemia presents with this characteristic lesion

A

Violaceous purpura on skin, highly infectious (Isolate the patient)

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6
Q

Empiric Antibiotics for Neonatal Meningitis

A

Ampicillin / Ceftriaxone / Cefotaxime

+

Aminoglycoside

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7
Q

Empiric Antibiotics for 2 months - 5 years

A

Ceftriaxone / Cefotaxime

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8
Q

Empiric Antibiotics for >5-18 years

A

Penicillin

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9
Q

Specific Therapy for E. Coli

A

Cefotaxime

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10
Q

Specific Therapy for Group B Streptococcus

A

Cefotaxime

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11
Q

Specific Therapy for H. influenza

A

Ceftriaxone

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12
Q

Specific Therapy for S. pneumonia

A

Penicillin

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13
Q

Specific Therapy for N. meningitides

A

Penicillin

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14
Q

When is Dexamethasone used for meningitis

A

In children less than 5 years of age wherein Hib meningitis is suspected

(Dexamethasone has NO role in treating neonatal meningitis)

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15
Q

What stage of TBM is a patient that is posturing?

A

Stage III

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16
Q

What stage of TBM is a patient with increased ICP?

A

Stage II

17
Q

Clinical Triad of TB Meningitis

A

Basal exudates
Hydrocephalus
Cerebral Infarction

18
Q

Describe each Category of Smith’s Outcome Category (After Discharge)

A

1: Completely Recovered
2: Mild Neurologic Defect
3: Severe Neurologic Defect
4: Death

19
Q

Most common fungal infection causing meningitis

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

20
Q

Diagnostic test for Cryptococcal Meningitis

A

India Ink Stain

21
Q

Treatment for Cryptococcal Meningitis

A

Amphotericin B IV for 4-6 weeks

22
Q

Common Triad of Brain Abscess

A

Fever
Headache
Focal Neurologic Deficit

23
Q

More Common Type of HSV Encephalitis

A

Type 1

24
Q

Which type of HSV Encephalitis is associated with genital herpes? Which one is associated with orofacial herpes?

A

Type 1: Orofacial

Type 2: Genital

25
Q

Treatment for HSV Encephalitis

A

Acyclovir

26
Q

This is commonly seen in patients from the provinces working in rice fields

A

Japanese Encephalitis

27
Q

Clinical Features of Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis

A

Psychiatric symptoms are more evident than systemic ones

Patients present with abnormal movements, seizures, autonomic instability

28
Q

Treatment for Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis

A

Methylprednisone and other steroids
Corticosteroids

(Make sure there are no other kinds of CNS Infections before giving steroids)

29
Q

Most Common Presentation of Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis

A

Initially myoclonic jerks, falls very quickly due to myoclonic seizures

30
Q

EEG of a patient with Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis would show?

A

Burst Suppression Pattern

31
Q

MRI Diagnostic Criteria for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis

A
  1. =>9 hyperintense white matter lesions or one gadolinium enhancing lesion
  2. =>3 Periventricular Lesions
  3. 1 Juxtacortical Lesion
  4. 1 Infratentorial Lesion

MRI must show 3 or more of these features

32
Q

Diagnostic Criteria for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis

A

MRI Criteria

More than 1 attack located in the CNS

33
Q

Treatment for Multiple Sclerosis

A

Corticosteroids (Methylprednisone)

Interferon Beta

34
Q

Treatment for Guillan-Barre Syndrome

A

IV Ig

Plasmapharesis

35
Q

When performing a lumbar puncture, it is best to obtain CSF from which intervertebral interspace?

A

L3 - L4

[OS 211] 2nd Lecture Exam (11 decks)

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