[3] Physiology of Sleep and Sleep Disorders Flashcards
What are the stages of sleep?
Non-REM 1, 2, and 3
REM
Describe: N1 Stage of Sleep
Very light sleep
Easy to awaken
Describe: N2 Stage of Sleep
Bulk of Sleep
Describe: N3 Stage of Sleep
Deep Sleep
Is there more deep sleep at the start of the night or in the morning?
Start of the night
Is there more REM sleep at the start of the night or in the morning?
Morning before waking up
Effect of REM Sleep on Heart Rate
Increased
Effect of REM Sleep on Penile Erection
Increased
Growth Hormone is released during?
Slow Wave Sleep
Where is the Circadian Clock located in the brain?
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus in the Anterior Hypothalamus
Define: Zeitgeber
Any external or environmental cue that entrains or synchronizes an organisms biological rhythms to the Earth’s 24 hour light/dark cycle
Strongest environmental cue to entrain circadian rhythm
Sun
Lowest core body temperature occurs at what time of the day?
4:30 AM
Highest alertness occurs at what time of the day?
10 AM
Most coordination occurs at what time of the day?
2:30 PM
Fastest reaction time occurs at what time of the day?
3:30 PM
Most strength occurs at what time of the day?
5 PM
Most strength occurs at what time of the day?
5 PM
Circadian clock is influenced by what hormone?
Melatonin
Effect of Sleep Deprivation on Ghrelin
Increased
Effect of Sleep Deprivation on Leptin
Decreased
Effect of Sleep Deprivation on Growth Hormone
Decreased
Effect of Sleep Deprivation on IL-6
Increased
Effect of Sleep Deprivation on TNF-Alpha
Increased
Define: Obstructive Apnea
If during apnea there is effort to breathe
Define: Central Apnea
If during apnea there is no effort to breathe
Classification of Severity of Sleep Apnea
30 Severe
Measured by number of obstructive respiratory events
Differentiate Acute vs. Chronic Insomnia
Acute: 3 Months
