[1] Diagnosis and Treatment of Epilepsy

Question 1

Define: Status Epilepticus

Answer 1

Continuous seizures lasting by beyond 7 minutes with/without recovery

Question 2

[Identify the Seizure]

Bilateral symmetric tonic contraction and then bilateral clonic contraction of somatic muscles, associated with autonomic phenomena

Answer 2

Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizure / Grand Mal Seizure

Question 3

[Identify the Seizure]

Sudden, brief (

Answer 3

Myoclonic

Question 4

[Identify the Seizure]

Sustained increase in muscle contraction lasting a few seconds to minutes

Answer 4

Tonic

Question 5

[Identify the Seizure]

Myoclonus that is regularly repetitive, involves the same muscle groups at a frequency of 2-3 contractions per second and is prolonged

Answer 5

Clonic (Rhythmic Clonus)

Question 6

[Identify the Seizure]

Sudden loss or dimunition of muscle tone without apparent preceding myoclonic or tonic event lasting >1 to 2 seconds involving head, trunk, jaw, or limb musculature

Answer 6

Atonic

Question 7

How many seconds of syncope is will result to tonic manifestations?

Answer 7

> 10 seconds

Question 8

Most common cause of syncope

Answer 8

Vasodepression

Question 9

What differentiates a simple from a complex seizure?

Answer 9

Impairment of consciousness

Question 10

Define: Aura

Answer 10

Subjective ictal phenomenon; warning sign of a seizure

Question 11

Treatment: Childhood Absence Epilepsy

Answer 11

Valproate

Question 12

What drug can you not give to patients with Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy

Answer 12

Carbamazepine

Question 13

Most common idiopathic localization-related epilepsy in children

Answer 13

Benign Rolandic Epilepsy

Question 14

Drug to avoid giving children and adolescents

Answer 14

Phenobarbital

Question 15

Drug to avoid for women of child bearing age

Good alternative would be?

Answer 15

Valproic Acid (teratogen)

Alternative: Lamotrigine

Question 16

[First Line Drugs]

Childhood Absence

Answer 16

Ethosuximide
Lamotrigine
Valproate

Question 17

[First Line Drugs]

Juvenile Absence

Answer 17

Lamotrigine

Valproate

Question 18

[First Line Drugs]

Focal Epilepsies

Answer 18

Lamotrigine
Carbamazepine
Oxacarbazepine
Valproate
Topiramate

Question 19

[First Line Drugs]

Generalized Tonic Clonic

Answer 19

Carbamazepine
Lamotrigine
Valproate
Topiramate

Question 20

[First Line Drugs]

Infantile Spasms

Answer 20

Steroids

Vigabatrin

Question 21

Common ADR of Carbamazepine for Chinese descent

Answer 21

Stevens Johnson Disease

Question 22

ADR of longtime use of Phenytoin

Answer 22

Hirsutism

Question 23

This AED causes weight gain

Answer 23

Valproate

Question 24

This AED causes weight loss

Answer 24

Topiramate

Question 25

This AED causes facial acne

Answer 25

Phenytoin

Question 26

Only drug evaluated for post stroke epilepsy patients achieving good seizure freedom

Answer 26

Levetiracetam