8. Child Development Flashcards
What is Bowlby’s attachment theory?
Separation leads to distress.
What are the three stages of distress after separation in Bowlby’s attachment theory?
Protest, despair, detachment.
Why was parental access to hospitalised children restricted in the past?
The detachment phase of Bowlby’s attachment theory was mistaken for recovery.
What are the negative psychological outcomes of separation?
Less play, less sleep, depression, anxiety, aggression, detachment.
How is Bowlby’s attachment theory used to improve practice now?
Parents/carers have more access to hospitalised children. The children are allowed attachment objects like a teddy. There is a home-like environment created with play, continuity of trained staff. Children are reassured and not punished or abandoned.
What are the four phases of childhood cognitive development according to Piaget?
Sensori-motor (0-2 years), pre-operational (2-7 years), concrete operational (7-12 years), and formal operational (12+ years).
What is the sensori-motor stage of cognitive development?
Babies experience through senses and develop motor co-ordination. They have no abstract concepts understanding. They start developing body schema, and the understanding of permanence at around 8 months.
What is the pre-operational stage of cognitive development?
Language development, symbolic though, able to imagine things. Egocentricism - can’t see things from another person’s point of view so believes everyone experience the world the way they do.
What is the concrete operation stage of cognitive development?
Can think logically but of concrete things, not abstract. Achieve conservation of number, mass, and weight. Can classify by multiple features. Able to see things from others’ perspectives.
What is the formal operational stage of cognitive development?
Abstract logic and can use hypothetic-deductive reasoning.
What is the purpose of understanding child development?
Assess level of understanding to tailor communication appropriately, e.g. be aware of using metaphors to younger children.
