8. Athens Vs Sparta II Flashcards
What are the 2 major dates of the late Peloponnesian war?
418, Battle of Mantinea.
404, Surrender of Athens.
What event caused Sparta to lose her allies?
The Peace of Nicias.
What did Argos do after the Peace of Nicias?
Left Sparta isolated by starting diplomatic manoeuvres.
Who did Argos ally with?
Athens.
What was the biggest battle of the Peloponnesian war?
The Battle of Mantinea in 418 BC
What does Thucydides say about Spartan warfare post-Peace of Nicias?
They were ‘cast down by fortune’ - they were unlucky
What occurred in 415 BC?
The Melian genocide on Melos.
Why was Melos destroyed?
They refused to take sides.
What was the Ionian war?
A war between the Athenians and Syracuse, on Sicily in 415 BC.
What was the issues which occurred before the Athenians left before Sicily?
The statue of Hermes was mutilated.
Who was blamed for the Hermes incident, why?
Alcibiades, he was young + had a rep. as a bad drunk
What was Alcibiades’ punishment?
He had to leave Sicily to face trail.
What did Alcibiades’ do in order to avoid trial?
Defected to Sparta.
What was Alcibiades’ revenge?
Convinced the Spartans to send a general to help the Syracusians defeat Athens - which they did.
+ got them to attack Athens + occupy Attica.
What was the Decelean war?
What Scholars call the ‘war’ between Sparta and Athens when the Spartans set up a base in Decelea.
What effected the Athenian economy during the Decelean war?
Slaves fled the silver mines of Laurenion.
What temporary change occurred in 411?
Athens voted Democracy out of existence.
What big effects did the Sicilian war have on Athens?
Lose of Ships and Rowers.
Short of cash.
What did Sparta do in desperation to the win the Peloponnesian war?
In 412, they ask persia for help.
What was Sparta’s cost of allying with Persia?
Territory.
Who was Lysander?
A charismatic mothax.
What is a mothax?
A basterd son of a Spartan citizen + helot woman,
What did Lysander do for the Spartans?
Squeeze lots of money out of Persia.
Led them on the 1st naval victory at Notiumin 407.
When does the war end?
404 BC
How was Lysander seen by the greeks?
As a god - Plutarch.
Why were the Greeks angry with the Spartans after the Peloponnesian war?
They had sold Greek freedom for Persian cash.
What war follows the Peloponnesian?
The Corinthian War.
What was the immediate cause of the Corinthian War?
Local conflict int northwest Greece - Thebes + Sparta got involved.
What was the deeper cause of the Corinthian War?
Hostility towards Sparta caused by Peloponnesian war.
How was the Corinthian War fought?
On 2 fronts, at sea (the Aegean) and by land (near Corinth + Thebes)
What happened to the Spartan fleet in the Corinthian War?
It was defeated early in the war by the Persians - ended Spartan naval power
What did the Athenians do towards the end of the war?
Launched a series of naval campaigns to recapture lands lost in 5th century.
What did the Persians do halfway through the war?
Switched sides to join the Spartans.
What ended the Corinthian War?
The Kings peace signed in 387 BC
What happened the Lysander?
He was killed in battle at the beginning of the war.
Name 1 important battle from the Corinthian War that the Spartans won.
The Battle of Nemea River in 394 BC
Name 1 battle which Agesilaus won, barely.
Battle of Coronea in 394 BC
What did the Spartans use the Kings Peace for?
To get revenge on their former allies.
In revenge on the Spartans, what did the Athenians do after the Kings Peace?
launched the 2nd Athenian Confederacy.
