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Greek History > 8. Athens Vs Sparta II > Flashcards

8. Athens Vs Sparta II Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 2 major dates of the late Peloponnesian war?

A

418, Battle of Mantinea.

404, Surrender of Athens.

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2
Q

What event caused Sparta to lose her allies?

A

The Peace of Nicias.

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3
Q

What did Argos do after the Peace of Nicias?

A

Left Sparta isolated by starting diplomatic manoeuvres.

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4
Q

Who did Argos ally with?

A

Athens.

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5
Q

What was the biggest battle of the Peloponnesian war?

A

The Battle of Mantinea in 418 BC

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6
Q

What does Thucydides say about Spartan warfare post-Peace of Nicias?

A

They were ‘cast down by fortune’ - they were unlucky

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7
Q

What occurred in 415 BC?

A

The Melian genocide on Melos.

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8
Q

Why was Melos destroyed?

A

They refused to take sides.

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9
Q

What was the Ionian war?

A

A war between the Athenians and Syracuse, on Sicily in 415 BC.

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10
Q

What was the issues which occurred before the Athenians left before Sicily?

A

The statue of Hermes was mutilated.

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11
Q

Who was blamed for the Hermes incident, why?

A

Alcibiades, he was young + had a rep. as a bad drunk

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12
Q

What was Alcibiades’ punishment?

A

He had to leave Sicily to face trail.

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13
Q

What did Alcibiades’ do in order to avoid trial?

A

Defected to Sparta.

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14
Q

What was Alcibiades’ revenge?

A

Convinced the Spartans to send a general to help the Syracusians defeat Athens - which they did.
+ got them to attack Athens + occupy Attica.

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15
Q

What was the Decelean war?

A

What Scholars call the ‘war’ between Sparta and Athens when the Spartans set up a base in Decelea.

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16
Q

What effected the Athenian economy during the Decelean war?

A

Slaves fled the silver mines of Laurenion.

17
Q

What temporary change occurred in 411?

A

Athens voted Democracy out of existence.

18
Q

What big effects did the Sicilian war have on Athens?

A

Lose of Ships and Rowers.

Short of cash.

19
Q

What did Sparta do in desperation to the win the Peloponnesian war?

A

In 412, they ask persia for help.

20
Q

What was Sparta’s cost of allying with Persia?

A

Territory.

21
Q

Who was Lysander?

A

A charismatic mothax.

22
Q

What is a mothax?

A

A basterd son of a Spartan citizen + helot woman,

23
Q

What did Lysander do for the Spartans?

A

Squeeze lots of money out of Persia.

Led them on the 1st naval victory at Notiumin 407.

24
Q

When does the war end?

A

404 BC

25
Q

How was Lysander seen by the greeks?

A

As a god - Plutarch.

26
Q

Why were the Greeks angry with the Spartans after the Peloponnesian war?

A

They had sold Greek freedom for Persian cash.

27
Q

What war follows the Peloponnesian?

A

The Corinthian War.

28
Q

What was the immediate cause of the Corinthian War?

A

Local conflict int northwest Greece - Thebes + Sparta got involved.

29
Q

What was the deeper cause of the Corinthian War?

A

Hostility towards Sparta caused by Peloponnesian war.

30
Q

How was the Corinthian War fought?

A

On 2 fronts, at sea (the Aegean) and by land (near Corinth + Thebes)

31
Q

What happened to the Spartan fleet in the Corinthian War?

A

It was defeated early in the war by the Persians - ended Spartan naval power

32
Q

What did the Athenians do towards the end of the war?

A

Launched a series of naval campaigns to recapture lands lost in 5th century.

33
Q

What did the Persians do halfway through the war?

A

Switched sides to join the Spartans.

34
Q

What ended the Corinthian War?

A

The Kings peace signed in 387 BC

35
Q

What happened the Lysander?

A

He was killed in battle at the beginning of the war.

36
Q

Name 1 important battle from the Corinthian War that the Spartans won.

A

The Battle of Nemea River in 394 BC

37
Q

Name 1 battle which Agesilaus won, barely.

A

Battle of Coronea in 394 BC

38
Q

What did the Spartans use the Kings Peace for?

A

To get revenge on their former allies.

39
Q

In revenge on the Spartans, what did the Athenians do after the Kings Peace?

A

launched the 2nd Athenian Confederacy.

Greek History (10 decks)

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