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Greek History > 7. Athens Vs Sparta I > Flashcards

7. Athens Vs Sparta I Flashcards

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1
Q

What occurred in 477 BC?

A

The formation of the Delian League.

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2
Q

Who was in control after the Greeks victory in the Persian wars?

A

The Spartans.

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3
Q

Why did power shift from the Spartans to the Athenians?

A

The Spartan regime was too harsh.

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4
Q

What was the Alliances aim and who comments on it?

A

Thucydides, to avenge the wrongs they suffered by the ravaging of the territory of the king.

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5
Q

What were the members of Delian League asked to do?

A

Either, provide men and ships or pay a tax.

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6
Q

Who over saw the league tax payments and where was it located?

A

Hellentomai, Delos.

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7
Q

Why was the treasury in Delos?

A

It was the birthplace of Apollo & Not too close to Persia.

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8
Q

What oath did the Delian League swear to?

A

A permanent allience.

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9
Q

What symbolistic action did the Delian League commit?

A

Dropped iron into the sea, claiming they would loyal until the iron floated to the surface (same idea of sun rising the west and setting in the east)

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10
Q

How did the Athenians fair during the Delian Leagues beginnings?

A

Their sailors reached a high point of their training.

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11
Q

What made the Athenians more powerful in the league?

A

The allies increasingly started to give money/taxes rather than troops - became weaker and poorer.

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12
Q

What happen in 471 BC?

A

Naxos tried to leave the league but was convinced not to by the Athenians.

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13
Q

Name 1 Athenian General from this period.

A

Cimon.

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14
Q

What did Cimon do after Naxos surrendered?

A

Lead a fleet of 300 ships (only 1/3 provided for by the allies) to the south coast of Asia Minor. To get back Greek settlements there.

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15
Q

What occurred in c. 467 BC?

A

The Battle of Eurymedon

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16
Q

What source do we have for The Battle of Eurymedon?

A

Simonides.

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17
Q

Who won The Battle of Eurymedon?

A

The Greeks - it was a smashing defeat.

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18
Q

What does the Victory of The Battle of Eurymedon mean?

A

Many of members of the alliance feel like they don’t need the Delian League.

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19
Q

How did the Athenians stop the allies leaving the alliance after The Battle of Eurymedon?

A

They increased taxes and moved the treasury to Athens.

20
Q

What was the ‘Peace of Callis’?

A

A formal peace treasure between Athens and Persia, set in 449 BC.

21
Q

Who was Thucysises?

A

An athenian general and main source, writing in 5th century BC.

22
Q

Name 1 critic for the Peloponnesian wars.

A

Todd.

23
Q

Name 1 critic who tried to fix to naming of the Peloponnesian wars.

A

Cartledge.

24
Q

Why does Thucydides claim that the Peloponnesian war began?

A

Sparta was afraid of Athens’ growing power.

25
Q

Name 2 scholars who do not agree with Thucydides as to why the p. War began.

A

Kagan (mistakes + confusion)

Croix (sparta = agressive)

26
Q

Why did Sparta fear Athens?

A

Huge Maritime empire + lots of money.

Threatened Spartas allies (Corinth)

27
Q

Why dis Athens fear Sparta?

A

Supreme military force in the Greek World.

Head of alliance + alliance w/ Corinth.

28
Q

When was the Helot revolt?

A

Just after the Earthquake in 465 BC.

29
Q

Who covered the Helot Revolt as our source?

A

Plutarch & Diodorus Sisulus

30
Q

What was the result of the Helot Revolt, according to Plutarch?

A

The Cypteia & other poor treatments.

The Spartans requested the help of the Greeks, including Athens.

31
Q

How much does Thucydides claim that the Athenians got from the taxation of their allies?

A

460 silver talents = billions of £

32
Q

What poleis rebelled against Athens after the Helot Revolt?

A

Naxos, Thasos and Eretria.

33
Q

When did Sparta and Athens finally make a peace treaty and how long did it last?

A

446/445 BC, for c. 30 years

34
Q

What put a stop to the Sparta-Athenian alliance?

A

Athens went to war with Corinth, giving the `spartans a perfect opportunity.

35
Q

What is the 1st section of the Peloponnesian war titled and when was it?

A

The Archidamian war.

36
Q

What happened during the Achidamian war?

A

Sparta launched a series of invasions of Attica + Athens raids the coast of the Peloponnese, attempts to suppress signs of unrest in its empire.

37
Q

What concluded the Achidamian war?

A

The Peace of Nicias in 421 BC.

38
Q

What was Spartas strategy during the Achidamian war?

A

They made threats - didn’t work.

Hopelite warfare - invaded Attica annually before harvest.

39
Q

What does Todd say about Hoplite Warfare?

A

Those who could afford armour were superior to those who could not - Sparta>Athens?

40
Q

Where was Athena’ strength in war?

A

In their Navy fleets.

41
Q

What stopped Sparta’s plans from working?

A

Athenians evacuated the countryside and supplies were brought in by sea.

42
Q

What was Athens plans after Sparta’s failed?

A

To attack the Spartans closer to Sparta, near Pylos in Messenia - distract the Spartans.

43
Q

What does Thucydides say about the success of the Athenians attack of Messenia?

A

It was very successful. They would not return to their raids for 10 years.

44
Q

How many hostages did Athens take in Pylos and what did it mean?

A

290, Sparta were 290 hoplites down. Start losing - a lots.

45
Q

Name 2 generals who played a large part in the Peace of Nicias in 422 BC.

A

Brasidas + Cleon.

46
Q

Where did Sparta capture before the Peace of Nicias?

A

Amphipolis, near gold mines, where Cleon + Brasidas are killed.

47
Q

Why did the Peace of Nicias ultimately fail?

A

Spartas allies reduce to join it.

Greek History (10 decks)

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