8๊ณผ (4A) Flashcards
V-์๋ค(๊ฐ) / ์ด๋ค(๊ฐ)
Used when expressing the latter action is done using the result of the 1st action
์ด์ ์์ฅ์์ ๋ง๋๋ฅผ ์ฌ๋ค๊ฐ ๋จน์์ต๋๋ค.
- to intend to do something (unlike ์/์ด ์ฃผ๋ค- ask to give sth)
- can be followed up with ์ผ์ธ์/์๋์?/ใน๊น์? (orders, requests)
- cannot use ์/์ and ๊ฒ
(๋จ์ ์์์ ํฌ์ฅํด๋ค๊ฐ ์ง์์ ๋จน์์ด์)
A-๋ค๋ N , V-ใด/๋๋ค๋ N, N-์ด๋ผ๋ N
Used when adding indirectly quoted content or oneโs thoughts as attributing information to a noun
์ ์ฃผ๋๋ ๊ฒฝ์น๊ฐ ๋งค์ฐ ์๋ฆ๋ต๋ ์ด์ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ค์์ด์.
- with thoughts, news, rumors etc
(์๊ฐ, ๋ง, ์ด์ผ๊ธฐ, ์์, ์๋ฌธ, ๊ธฐ์ฌ, ๋ด์ค ๋ฑ)
์๋ฏธ ์จ๊ฐ ๋ค์ ๋ฌ์ ๊ฒฐํผํ๋ค๋ ์๋ฌธ์ด ์๋๋ฐ์
N์/๋ฅผ ๋น๋กฏํด์ [๋น๋กฏํ]
Used when expressing one representative item as an example among many
-the first occurrence or beginning of something
(๋์ ํ๊ตญ์ด ๊ณต๋ถ๋ ํธ๊ธฐ์ฌ์์ ๋น๋กฏํ ๊ฒ์ด์๋ค)
- used mainly in writing
- it was around the age of โฆ
(๊ฐ์กฑ์ ์๊ณ ์ํด ๊ณต์ฅ ์ถ์์ ๋น๋กฏํ ๊ฒ์ ์ด์ฌ๋ ์ด ๋ฌด๋ ต์ด์๋ค)
A/V- (์ผ)๋ฉฐ
Used when listing 2 or more facts about the same topic
- changes ๊ณ or (์ผ)๋ฉด์
- ๊ณ : only verbs, connected in chronological order; but ์ผ๋ฉฐ: something happens at the same time
( ์ฝํธ๋ฅผ ์ ๊ณ ํ๊ต์ ๊ฐ๋ค zalozyl i poszedl
vs
์ฝํธ๋ฅผ ์ ์ผ๋ฉฐ ํ๊ต์ ๊ฐ๋ค zakladajac poszedl ) - ์ผ๋ฉฐ can be attached to verb, adjective, noun
(์์ง๋ ๊ฐ์๋ฉฐ ๋ฐฐ์ฐ๋ค = indicates she has both qualifications) - can use with ์/์ and ๊ฒ
(์ค๊ฒ ์ผ๋ฉฐ/์ค๋ฉฐ, ๋ง์ จ์ผ๋ฉฐ) - cannot use more than 1 (์ผ)๋ฉฐ in a sentence
- cannot use with ์, ์/์ด๋ผ (order, request)
- used mostly in formal situations or written language