13๊ณผ Flashcards

1
Q

N(์ด)๋ฉด N, N(์ด)๋ฉด N

A

If N is N, if N is N โ€ฆ
Used when presenting two or more things as examples and expressing that all of them are equally good in context.

  • both nouns are equally good
    ( ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์–ธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ง€๋ฉด ๋ฐ”์ง€, ์น˜๋งˆ๋ฉด ์น˜๋งˆ. ๋ญ๋“ ์ง€ ์ž˜ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค )
    ( ๋‚˜๋Š” ์šด๋™์„ ์ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ํŽธ์ด๋‹ค. ์ถ•๊ตฌ๋ฉด ์ถ•๊ตฌ, ์ˆ˜์˜์ด๋ฉด ์ˆ˜์˜. ๋‹ค ์ž์‹  ์žˆ๋‹ค )
  • There should be at least two examples:
    ๋†๊ตฌ๋ฉด ๋†๊ตฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. (X)
    -> ๋†๊ตฌ๋ฉด ๋†๊ตฌ, ์ˆ˜์˜์ด๋ฉด ์ˆ˜์˜ ๋ชจ๋‘
    ์ž์‹ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค (0)
  • this expression is used to designate something and give it as an example:
    ( ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฉด ๊ณต๋ถ€, ์šด๋™์ด๋ฉด ์šด๋™ ๋‹ค ์ž˜ํ•œ๋‹ค. = ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณต๋ถ€์™€ ์šด๋™ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ž˜ํ•œ๋‹ค. )
    ( ์ด ์‹๋‹น์€ ๋ถˆ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฉด ๋ถˆ๊ณ ๊ธฐ, ๋ƒ‰๋ฉด์ด๋ฉด ๋ƒ‰๋ฉด ๋‹ค ๋ง›์žˆ๋‹ค. = ์ด ์‹๋‹น์€ ๋ถˆ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์™€ ๋ƒ‰๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ง›์žˆ๋‹ค. )
  • used mainly in positive context
    ( ๊ทธ ๋ฐฑํ™”์ ์€ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด๋ฉด ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ, ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฉด ์„œ๋น„์Šค. ๋‹ค ์ข‹์•„์„œ ์†๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ์•„์ฃผ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•ดํ•œ๋‹ค. )
    ( ๋‚ด ๋™์ƒ์€ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์ด๋ฉด ์ˆ˜ํ•™, ์˜์–ด๋ฉด ์˜์–ด. ๋‹ค ์ž˜ํ•ด์„œ ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ์นญ์ฐฌ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค. )
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2
Q

V-๋Š” ๊น€์—

A

While (doing sth) โ€ฆ (do this too)
Used to express doing one action while in the process of doing another, which was the original goal

  • combines with verbs
    (ํ•™๊ต๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊น€์— ๊น€ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์„ ์ข€ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ณ  ์™€์•ผ๊ฒ ๋‹ค. ??)
    (๋ผ๋ฉด ๋“์ด๋Š” ๊น€์— ๋‚ด ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ข€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋“์—ฌ ์ค˜. While the ramen is boiling boil some for me too.)
    (๋‚˜๋ฌด ์‹ฌ๋Š” ๊น€์— ์˜ˆ์œ ๊ฝƒ๋„ ์‹ฌ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์„๊นŒ์š”? Wouldnโ€™t it be nice to plant pretty flowers while planting trees?)
  • ๋Š” ๊น€์— (2 verb actions can be done together) vs ๋Š” ๊ธธ์— (used only with โ€œmovement verbsโ€ such as ๊ฐ€๋‹ค, ์˜ค๋‹ค, ํ‡ด๊ทผํ•˜๋‹ค, ๊ท€๊ตญํ•˜๋‹ค-return home(to home country?) )
    ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊น€์—/๊ธธ์— ๊ณผ์ผ์„ ์ข€ ์‚ฌ ์˜ค๋ผ O
    but
    ๋‹ค๋ฆผ์งˆํ•˜๋Š” ๊น€์— ์ œ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ข€ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š” O
    ๋‹ค๋ฆผ์งˆํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธธ์— ์ œ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ข€ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š” X
    ( While ironing (clothes) please do mine too )
  • past form (์œผ)ใ„ด ๊น€์— can be used with ๊ฐ€๋‹ค, ์˜ค๋‹ค, ๋‚˜์˜ค๋‹ค
    ( ์‹œ์žฅ์— ๊ฐ„ ๊น€์— ๊ณผ์ผ๋„ ์ข€ ์‚ฌ ์™”์–ด์š”. While I was at the market, I also bought some fruit )
    ( ์ด์™• ์˜จ ๊น€์— ๊ฐ™์ด ์ €๋…์ด๋‚˜ ๋จน์์‹œ๋‹ค. While Lee Wang arrived, we were having dinner together )
    ( ๋ง์ด ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊น€์— ๋‚˜๋„ ํ•  ๋ง์ด์žˆ๋‹ค. After the words came out, I also had something to say. )
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3
Q

V-๋Š๋‹ˆ ์ฐจ๋ผ๋ฆฌ

A

I would rather do โ€ฆ than โ€ฆ (~express the latter action is better; expressing choices)

  • Used when expressing that although both situations are not favorable, after experiencing one situation the other one is preferable
    ( ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ง›์—†๋Š” ์š”๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋จน๋Š๋‹ˆ ์ฐจ๋ผ๋ฆฌ ๊ตถ๊ฒ ๋‹ค. - I would rather starve than eat such a tasteless dish. )
    ( ์˜์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ ํ•˜๋Š๋‹ˆ ์ฐจ๋ผ๋ฆฌ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค. )
    ( ์ง‘์—์„œ ๋‚ฎ์ž  ๋งŒ ์ž๋Š๋‹ˆ ์ฐจ๋ผ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ–์— ๋‚˜๊ฐ€์„œ ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์ด๋ผ๋„ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”? - Would you rather go out for a walk than take a nap at home? )
  • ์ฐจ๋ผ๋ฆฌ can be omitted
    ( ๋ฌด์ž‘์ • ๋Œ€๋‹ต์„ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋Š๋‹ˆ ์ง์ ‘ ์ฐพ์•„ ๊ฐ€์„œ ์•Œ์•„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚ซ๊ฒ ๋‹ค. - Rather than waiting for and answer it would be better to go and find out by yourself. )
  • can change ์ฐจ๋ผ๋ฆฌ to ์•„์˜ˆ
    ( ์ง  ์Œ์‹์„ ๋จน๋Š๋‹ˆ ์•„์˜ˆ ์•ˆ ๋จน๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค. Iโ€™d rather not eat salty food than eat it. )
    ( ์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ ์šฉ๋ˆ์„ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š๋‹ˆ ์•„์˜ˆ ๋ˆ์„ ๋ชจ์•˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ์–ด๋•Œ์š”? ??? )
  • can also use (์œผ)ใ„น ๋ฐ”์—(์•ผ) instead of ์ฐจ๋ผ๋ฆฌ
    ๋„ˆ์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์„ ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š๋‹ˆ ์ฐจ๋ผ๋ฆฌ ํž˜๋“ค์–ด๋„ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค
    -> ๋„ˆ์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์„ ์‹œํ‚ฌ ๋ฐ”์—(์•ผ) ํž˜๋“ค์–ด๋„ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค
    Iโ€™d rather do it even if itโ€™s difficult, than make you do this work.
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4
Q

N๊ณผ/์™€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ

A

Unlike (sth) โ€ฆ
This expression is used to indicate a fact that differs from the previous fact

( ์˜ˆ์ „๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ๋ง์„ ์•„์ฃผ ์ž˜ ํ•œ๋‹ค - Unlike before, he speaks Korean very well)
- Used when expressing that one situation or circumstance is different than another
( ๋ณดํ†ต ์•„์ด๋“ค๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„๋“ค์€
ํ˜ผ์ž ๋…ธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค. - Unlike most children, my son likes to play alone. )
( ๋ฉฐ์น  ์ „ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์„ ๋•Œ์™€๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ด ์ข‹์•„์ง€์‹  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•˜๋‹ค. Unlike when we met a few days ago, my fatherโ€™s health seemed to have improved.)
- ์™€/๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ vs ์™€/๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ (its basically the same)
( ์–ด์ œ์™€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋‚ ์”จ๊ฐ€ ๋ง‘๋‹ค.
= ์–ด์ œ์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋‚ ์”จ๊ฐ€ ๋ง‘๋‹ค.
Unlike yesterday, the weather today is sunny. )
( ๋ฉฐ์น  ์ „ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์„ ๋•Œ์™€๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ
๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ด ๋” ๋‚˜๋น ์กŒ๋‹ค.
= ๋ฉฐ์น  ์ „ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์„ ๋•Œ์™€๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ด ๋” ๋‚˜๋น ์กŒ๋‹ค.
Unlike when we met a few days ago, my motherโ€™s health was worse. )

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