8/24 Neurulation Flashcards
How does spinal bifida form
the Codal hole fails to close during the formation of the neural tube.
How does an acnecephaly occur
The Cranial pore fails to close during the formation of the neural tube.
What steps create the neural tube after gastrilarion
A inhibition of an inhibitor: Chordin/Follistatin/Noggin (C/F/N) binds to BMP4 that inhibits the formation of the neural plate. The Ectodurm over the notochord that sends out these signals then forms the nerual plate that invaginates to form the nerual tube.
What do the nural crest and placodes contribute to in the cranial level
Autonomoc ganglia (crest only) Sensory ganglia (both)
What do the neural crest contribute to in the spinal level
Periphery sensory neurons a parasympathetic and sympathetic peripheral motor neurons and their glia and other things such as melanocytes
where does the nerual plate originate from?
the non-involutiong ectoderm directly over the dorsal midline
What transient structure underlies the neural plate?
the notochord
the removal of what transient structure would prevent the formation of the neural plate?
the notochord
what basic morphological process creates the neural tube?
two fusion events of the ectoderm and the epidermis
what do the neural crest cells contribute to in the spinal region?
at the spinal levels neurla crest cells give rise to peripheral sensory neurons, as well as to parasympathetic and sympathetic peripheral motor neurons. (and associated glia)
how can unique nueural tissue arise at different location in the neural tissue?
The coordinate model: the molecular gradient in both the vertical and longitudinal axes gives every position a unique “coordinate”.
sonic hedge hog from the ground plate
WNT and BMPs from the roof plate.
Hox gene from the top to the bottom
what functions will arise from the alar plate?
The dorsal horn of the spinal gray matter: sensory function
what functions will arise form the basal plate?
the ventral horn of the spinal gray matter: motor funcitons
What are the major brain vesicles?
Forebrain (becomes the Telencephaion & Diencephalon);
Midbrain (becomes the Mesencephaion)
Hindbrain (becomes the Metencephaion & Myelencephaion).
A disruption in the telencephalon would be manifest in what vesicle of the brain?
The lateral vesicles (I and II) and the third vesicle in the middle of the brain
