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FOM Quiz 1 > 8/18 Back And Spine Anatomy Intro > Flashcards

8/18 Back And Spine Anatomy Intro Flashcards

1
Q

What element of us somite becomes a vertebrae

A

Sclerotome

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2
Q

What area of the somite becomes intrinsic back muscles

A

The epimere of the myotome

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3
Q

What part of the somite becomes ventral lateral muscles

A

The hypo mere of the myotome

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4
Q

What element of the somite becomes the dermis of the back

A

The dermatome

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5
Q

What is the difference between the epimere and the hypomere

A

The epimere is at the top of the myotome section of the somite and has cells that migrate to form back muscles. The Hypomere is at the bottom of the myotome section of the somite and migrates cells to form the hypaxial muscles including to the lower limbs

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6
Q

What does a Sclerotome become?

A

The vertebra that protect the spinal cord

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7
Q

Where are somites located in an embryo

A

They’re located along the dorsal of the embryo with 812 five and eight somites in different sections I think

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8
Q

What is the large diamond shaped muscle near the top of the back that connects the scapula spine and head

A

Trapezius

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9
Q

What are the primary roles of the trapezius

A

Elevate adduct and rotate the scapula

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10
Q

What is the innervation of the trap easiest muscle

A

Spinal accessory nerve or CN 11

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11
Q

How does the unique fiber orientation of the trapezius muscle lead to its numerous actions

A

The trapezius muscle has fibers that are oriented up and down near a horizontal and going down towards the base of the spine this makes it so that it can contract and cods elevation abduction and rotation of the Scapula

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12
Q

What is the primary action of the rhomboid major and minor muscle

A

Adduct the scapula

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13
Q

What is the innervation of the rhomboid major and minor

A

To the C5 vertebrae dorsal scrapula nerve

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14
Q

Describe the topographical relationship at the rhomboid major minor and the Levator scapula muscles to each other and to the trapezius

A

All of these muscles are located anterior to the trapezius

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15
Q

What are the primary actions of the levator scrapula muscle

A

Elevate the scrapula

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16
Q

What is the innervation of the Levator scrapula muscle

A

Through the c5 vertebrae and the dorsal scapular nerve

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17
Q

Latissimus dorsi muscle primary action

A

Abduct or extend the humorous

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18
Q

What is the innervation of the latissimus dorsi muscle

A

Through the C6 C7 and C8 vertebrae and the thiracedorsal nerve

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19
Q

What are some other names for the deep back muscles

A

The intrinsic back muscles the paraspinal muscles or the epaxial muscles

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20
Q

Is the difference between superficial back muscles and deep deep muscles

A

Superficial back muscles are really upper limb muscles that are derived from the hypomere and innervated by the central remus. The deep back muscles are derived from the Epimere

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21
Q

Where are splenius capitis muscle and splenius cervicis

A

In the neck at the top of the spine

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22
Q

Actions of the splenius muscles

A

Head and neck extension and rotation

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23
Q

What are the three erector spinal muscles down the middle of the back?

A

Illiocostalis and longissimis and spinalis

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24
Q

What are the actions of the erector spinae muscles

A

Posture; extension; and vertical flexion

25
Q

What are the three transversospinal muscles? In the middle right on the spine

A

Semi spinalis and rotatores and multifudus

26
Q

What are the actions of the transversospinal muscles

A

Posture

27
Q

Where are the suboccipital muscles and what is the significance

A

They are just below the skull and they make a triangle that the main blood flow to the back of the brain goes through

28
Q

How are the deep back muscles innervated

A

They are innervated segmentally from each segment of the spine

29
Q

What are the five different sections of the spine

A

The cervical vertebrae The thoracic vertebrae the lumbar vertebrae the sacral vertebrae and the coccygeal vertebrae

30
Q

How many vertebrae are in each region of the spine

A

7 12 5 5 and 3 to 5

31
Q

What is a primary versus a secondary curve in the spine

A

Hey Primary curve develops in the fetus and is retained in the thoracic region the secondary curve developed later and is in the cervical and lumbar region also car called the lordotic curve

32
Q

What is the spinous process

A

The pikey pity on the back of the spine think c7 and the certibral process

33
Q

Transverse process

A

Sticks out to the side on the spinal vertebrae

34
Q

Lamina

A

I between the spinous process and the transverse process

35
Q

Pedicle

A

The connection to the spinal body from the process

36
Q

Invertibral foraman

A

The whole between the Pedicle of different vertibrea

37
Q

Superior articular facet

A

The projection up from the process to the next vertebra

38
Q

Inferior articular facet

A

The projection down from the process to the next vertebra

39
Q

Facet joint

A

Joint between the facet of vertebra

40
Q

Pars interacticularis

A

The body of the posterior section of the spine between the superior and inferior facet

41
Q

Vertebral body

A

The large disk

42
Q

Vertebral arch

A

The arch connected to the large disc

43
Q

Intervertebral disc

A

The jelly donut of cushion for the vertebra body

44
Q

Vertebral Foramen and canal

A

The space where the spinal cord travels

45
Q

Bifid spinus process

A

The main posterior process on a few cervical vertibrea shaped like a wish bone

46
Q

Atlas vertebra

A

The one that holds the head up

47
Q

Axis vertebra

A

C2 aids in rotation with the dens process

48
Q

Unicate process

A

Hook that hold cervical process from lateral movement

49
Q

Costal facets

A

Rib connections

50
Q

Mammillary process

A

Where muscles connect in the lumbar region little notches

51
Q

Occipital Bone

A

a saucer-shaped membrane bone situated at the back and lower part of the cranium, is trapezoidal in shape and curved on itself.

52
Q

what is a special name for C7

A

Vertebral prom

53
Q

The number of bones in each region of the back

A

C1-C7; T1-T12; L1-L5; S1-S5; 3-4 Coccyx

54
Q

what nerve innervates the Trapezius

A

Spinal Accessory Nerve (CN XI)

55
Q

What artery runs anterior to the trapezius

A

superficial branch of the transverse cervical artery

56
Q

what nerve innervates the romboids?

A

Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C5)

57
Q

what nerve innervates the Latissimus dorsi muscle

A

Thracodorsal nerve

58
Q

What are the three groupings of deep back muscles?

A

Splenius Muscles; Erector Spinae; Transversospinalis group.

FOM Quiz 1 (17 decks)

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