8/23/13

Question 1

highly organized compaction of nucleosomes

Answer 1

solenoids

Question 2

diffuse loops of solenoids

Answer 2

euchromatin

Question 3

highly compacted loops of solenoids

Answer 3

heterchromatin

Question 4

Highly repetitive gene sequence class

Answer 4

satellite DNA of centromeres and telomeres

Question 5

Moderately repetitive gene sequence class

Answer 5

SINES, LINES, Retrovirus-like elements, transpons

Question 6

Non-repetitive gene sequence class

Answer 6

most functional genes, regulatory elements of genes, pseudogenes, spacer DNA

Question 7

3 parts of a specific transcription factor

Answer 7

DNA binding domain, dimerization domain, transactivation or transrepression domain

Question 8

Mechanism by which expression of a gene is dependent on whether it is inherited from the paternal or maternal chromosome

Answer 8

Genomic imprinting (methylation of CpG is a big part)

Question 9

Histone acetyltranferases affect the chromatin structure by

Answer 9

Acetylating R groups of Lys in amino tails of histones to neutralize the positively charged R groups. Relaxes chromatin structure and make it more accessible

Question 10

What happens in transition mutation

Answer 10

purine to purine, pyrimidine to pyrimidine

Question 11

What happens int transversion mution

Answer 11

purine to pyrimidine and vice versa

Question 12

Process of base excision repair

Answer 12

DNA glycosylases remove defective base–>AP endonucleases remove surrounding nucleotides–> DNA poylmerase and ligase replace nucleotides

Question 13

Process of Nucleotide excision repair

Answer 13

excinuclease complex removed defective nucleotide and surrounding area–> DNA polymerase and ligase fill gap

Question 14

Mutation repaired and key component of direct reversal of DNA damage

Answer 14

acetylation of G at O6, O6 ethyltransferases and methltransferases/ DNA strand breaks, DNA ligase

Question 15

Mutation repaired and key component of mismatch repair

Answer 15

Base pair mismatch during DNA replication, hMSH1 and hMLH 2

Question 16

Mutation repaired and key component of base excision repair

Answer 16

defective single base, DNA glycoslyases and AP endonucleases

Question 17

Mutation repaired and key component of nucleotide excision repair

Answer 17

Distortion of DNA helix, excinuclease complex

Question 18

Mutation repaired and key component of recombinatorial repair

Answer 18

Breaks in double stranded DNA and gaps in DNA strand, Rad51 and RUV-A,B, C

Question 19

HNPCC- defects in which type of DNA repair mechanism

Answer 19

Mismatch repair

Question 20

Xeroderma Pigmentosum- defects in which type of DNA repair mechanism

Answer 20

Nucleotide excision repair

Question 21

Hereditary Breast Cancer- defects in which type of DNA repair mechanism

Answer 21

recombinatorial repair