8/22/13

Question 1

two major processes of necrosis

Answer 1

enzymatic digestion (autolysis and heterolysis), protein degradation

Question 2

Where enzymatic digestion prevails is called____

Answer 2

liquefactive necrosis

Question 3

Where protein degradation prevails is called_____

Answer 3

coagulation necrosis

Question 4

Where does coagulation necrosis occur

Answer 4

In cells experiencing hypoxic death in all tissues except the CNS, because CNS does not have stored glycogen

Question 5

Characteristic of focal bacterial or fungal infections, obliterates structure

Answer 5

liquefactive necrosis

Question 6

Acids denature structural proteins in this type of necrosis

Answer 6

coagulation necrosis

Question 7

Necrosis involves distal part of limb and is coagulation necrosis which is superimposed by bacterial infection and liquefactive necrosis

Answer 7

Gangrenous necrosis

Question 8

Type of necrosis that is caused by tuberclous infection and the necrotic area is white and cheesy, devoid of any structure

Answer 8

Caseous necrosis

Question 9

Pancreatic lipases attack tyrglycerides in the mesentry and omentum, releasing fatty acids which combine with calcium to form chaly white areas

Answer 9

Fat necrosis

Question 10

calcification in areas of necrosis despite normal levels of calcium

Answer 10

dystrophic calcification

Question 11

calcification due to high levels of calcium because of abnormal hormone levels or tumor causing bone destruction

Answer 11

metastatic calcification

Question 12

Always due to irreversible cell damage, involves many cells

Answer 12

Necrosis

Question 13

May follow cell injury but not necessary, involves isolated cells

Answer 13

Apoptosis

Question 14

Which type of cell death leads to inflammation

Answer 14

Necrosis

Question 15

Extrinsic pathway for apoptosis requires these receptors

Answer 15

Fas, TNF recptors

Question 16

Intrinsic pathway for Apoptosis relies on which organelle

Answer 16

mitochondria

Question 17

Extrinsic pathway for apoptosis

Answer 17

Receptor trimerizes after TNF attaches–> procaspase 8 converted to caspase 8–> caspase 8 cleaves procaspase 3–> caspase 3 activates endonucleases and proteases

Question 18

Intrinsic Pathway for apoptosis

Answer 18

Mitchondria after damage releases cytochrome C–> cytochrom C binds with APAF and procaspase 9–> cleavage of procaspase 9–> caspase 9 cleaves procaspase 3–> caspase 3 does its thang

Question 19

Promote cell survival and anti-apoptosis, how

Answer 19

Bcl 2 group prevents mitochondrial ptp

Question 20

Promote cell death, apoptosis, how

Answer 20

Bax, BAK, promotes mitochondrial ptp

Question 21

normal endogenous accumulation is a result of

Answer 21

inadequate rate of removal

Question 22

abnormal endogenous accumulation is a result of

Answer 22

a defect in the metabolic or synthetic pathway (lysomal storage disease)

Question 23

exogenous accumulation is a result of

Answer 23

no mechanism for transport or degradation

Question 24

protein inclusion in the RER of the plasma cell

Answer 24

Russell Bodies

Question 25

Exogenous pigments

Answer 25

Carbon, tatoo

Question 26

Endogenous pigments

Answer 26

Bilirubin, hemosiderin, lipofuscin, melanin